UAC-0184, 우크라이나 정부와 군을 공격하기 위해 메신저와 데이팅 웹사이트 악용

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Veronika Telychko

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4월 18, 2024 · 3 분 읽기

UAC-0184, 우크라이나 정부와 군을 공격하기 위해 메신저와 데이팅 웹사이트 악용

The UAC-0184 해킹 집단 은 다시 돌아와 우크라이나군을 겨냥하고 있습니다. 적들은 파일과 메시지 데이터를 훔치기 위해 타겟 컴퓨터에 접근하려고 시도하고 있습니다. 이는 최신 CERT-UA 연구에 따른 것입니다.

UAC-0184 최신 공격 설명

수비자들은 2024년 동안 UAC-0184 그룹의 악성 활동에서 상당한 증가를 관찰했습니다. 연초, 해커들은 우크라이나를 상대로 피싱 캠페인을 시작했습니다. 군사 관련 피싱 미끼를 사용하여 and Remcos RAT 악성 소프트웨어를 그들의 공격 도구로 사용했습니다.

4월 16일, CERT-UA는 새로운 경고를 발표했습니다. 이 그룹의 새로운 공격 작전에 집중했습니다. UAC-0184 그룹에 기인한 최신 악성 캠페인에서 적들은 우크라이나 군대의 컴퓨터를 표적으로 삼아 민감한 데이터를 훔치려 하고 있습니다. 초기 공격 벡터로, 이 그룹은 임원 조사 또는 형사 사건의 개시, 전투 행동 동영상, 또는 인기 데이팅 플랫폼을 통한 지인 요청과 같은 유혹 메시지를 쓰는 사회공학을 적용합니다. 군인과의 후속 대화에는 파일이나 아카이브를 전송하여 열거나 처리하는 데 도움을 요청할 수 있습니다.

적들은 상업 소프트웨어와 오픈 소스 유틸리티를 포함한 다양한 공격 도구를 활용합니다. 예를 들어, UAC-0184는 침투 초기 단계에서 IDAT (HijackLoader, SHADOWLADDER, GHOSTPULSE) 악성 소프트웨어를 사용합니다. 다른 악성 변종으로는 REMCOSRAT, VIOTTOKEYLOGGER, 그리고 XWORM이 포함됩니다. 이 그룹은 또한 SIGTOP 및 TUSC 유틸리티를 사용하여 GitHub에서 공개적으로 액세스할 수 있으며, 타겟 컴퓨터에서 데이터, 메시지 및 군 관계자 사이에서 인기 있는 플랫폼인 Signal의 연락처를 훔쳐 추출합니다.

적의 침입을 최소화하기 위해 수비자들은 제대로 통제되지 않는 정보 교환 채널인 인기 메신저를 사용할 때 사이버 경계를 유지할 것을 권장합니다. 공격자가 무기로 사용할 위험이 있습니다.

CERT-UA#9474 알림에 명시된 UAC-0184 활동 탐지

우크라이나에 대한 사이버 공격의 증가가 UAC-0184 그룹과 연관되어 방어를 강화하고 침입을 적시에 식별할 필요성을 강조합니다. SOC Prime 플랫폼에 로그인하여 최신 CERT-UA#9474 경고에 따른 인기 메신저와 데이팅 웹사이트를 무기화하는 UAC-0184 공격의 전체 탐지 알고리즘 컬렉션에 액세스하세요. CERT-UA 알림 ID를 기반으로 사용자 정의 태그를 적용하여 관련 탐지 스택을 검색하십시오.

CERT-UA#9474 보고서에서 UAC-0184 활동을 탐지하기 위한 Sigma 규칙

모든 탐지 알고리즘은 MITRE ATT&CK® 프레임워크 v.14.1와 일치하며, 관련 위협 인텔과 실행 가능한 메타데이터로 풍부해져 탐지 엔지니어링 작업을 빠르게 확장할 수 있는 다양한 SIEM, EDR 및 데이터 레이크 언어 형식으로 즉시 변환 가능합니다.

UAC-0184 공격 탐지의 전체 규칙 세트를 찾고 있다면, 아래의 탐지 탐색 버튼을 클릭하여 그룹의 TTP를 설명하는 더 많은 콘텐츠 항목에 접근하고 그들의 일반적인 행동 패턴을 반영하세요.

탐지 탐색

IOC 매칭을 간소화하려면 Uncoder AI에 의존하여 탐지 엔지니어링 산업 최초의 AI 조종사로, CERT-UA#9474 경고에 제공된 위협 지표를 즉시 사냥하십시오. Uncoder AI는 CTI 및 SOC 분석가 및 위협 헌터들로 하여금 IOCs를 매끄럽게 분석하고, 이를 선택한 SIEM 또는 EDR에서 실행할 준비가 된 사용자 지정 사냥 쿼리로 변환할 수 있는 IOC 포장자로서 활동합니다.. Uncoder AI acts as an IOC packager, letting CTI and SOC analysts and Threat Hunters seamlessly parse IOCs and convert them into custom hunting queries ready to run in the SIEM or EDR of their choice.

MITRE ATT&CK 컨텍스트

MITRE ATT&CK를 활용하면 UAC-0184에 기인한 공격 작업의 맥락에 대한 세밀한 가시성을 제공합니다. 아래 표를 탐색하여 해당 ATT&CK 전술, 기술 및 하위 기술을 다루는 전체 Sigma 규칙 목록을 확인하세요.

Tactics	Techniques	Sigma Rule
Initial Access	Phishing: Spearphishing Attachment (T1566.001)	Signal Messenger Drops Suspicious Files (via file_event)
Initial Access	Phishing: Spearphishing Attachment (T1566.001)	Suspicious Extracted Files from an Archive (via file_event)
Execution	User Execution: Malicious File (T1204.002)	Execution from RAR Archive [WinRAR] (via process_creation)
	Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell (T1059.001)	The Possibility of Execution Through Hidden PowerShell Command Lines (via cmdline)
	Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell (T1059.001)	Possible Execution by Use of Short Script Name (via cmdline)
	Command and Scripting Interpreter: Windows Command Shell (T1059.003)	Environment Variables in Command Line Arguments (via cmdline)
		Possible Execution by Use of Short Script Name (via cmdline)
	Command and Scripting Interpreter: Visual Basic (T1059.005)	LOLBAS WScript / CScript (via process_creation)
Persistence	Boot or Logon Autostart Execution: Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder (T1547.001)	Suspicious Scripts in Autostart Location (via file_event)
Defense Evasion	Masquerading (T1036)	Short File Name (via cmdline)
	Subvert Trust Controls: Mark-of-the-Web Bypass (T1553.005)	Virtual Hard Disk File was Created (via file_event)
	Hide Artifacts: Hidden Window (T1564.003)	The Possibility of Execution Through Hidden PowerShell Command Lines (via cmdline)
	Deobfuscated/Decode Files or Information (T1140)	Possible Abuse of PowerShell Help Functions (via cmdline)
Command and Control	Ingress Tool Transfer (T1105)	Possible Data Infiltration / Exfiltration over Non-Corp Service (via dns)

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Name	Descripiton
PHPSESSID	Preserves user session state across page requests. Cookie generated by applications based on the PHP language. This is a general purpose identifier used to maintain user session variables. It is normally a random generated number, how it is used can be specific to the site, but a good example is maintaining a logged-in status for a user between pages.
sp_i	Used to store information about authenticated User.
sp_r	Used to store information about authenticated User.
sp_a	Used to store information about authenticated User.

Name	Descripiton
tuuid	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
tuuid_last_update	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
um	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
umeh	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
na_sc_x	Used by the social sharing platform AddThis to keep a record of parts of the site that has been visited in order to recommend other parts of the site.
APID	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website.
IDSYNC	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website.
_cc_aud	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
_cc_cc	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
_cc_dc	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
_cc_id	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
dpm	Via a unique ID that is used for semantic content analysis, the user's navigation on the website is registered and linked to offline data from surveys and similar registrations to display targeted ads.
acs	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads.
clid	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads.
KRTBCOOKIE_#	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads.
PUBMDCID	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads.
PugT	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads.
ssi	Registers a unique ID that identifies a returning user's device. The ID is used for targeted ads.
_tmid	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device upon return visits. The ID is used to target ads in video clips.
wam-sync	Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website.
wui	Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website.
AFFICHE_W	Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website.
B	Collects anonymous data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The registered data is used to categorise the users' interest and demographical profiles with the purpose of customising the website content depending on the visitor.
1P_JAR	These cookies are used to gather website statistics, and track conversion rates.
APISID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
HSID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
NID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
SAPISID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
SID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
SIDCC	Security cookie to protect users data from unauthorised access.
SSID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
__utmx	This cookie is associated with Google Website Optimizer, a tool designed to help site owners improve their wbesites. It is used to distinguish between two varaitions a webpage that might be shown to a visitor as part of an A/B split test. This helps site owners to detemine which version of a page performs better, and therefore helps to improve the website.
__utmxx	This cookie is associated with Google Website Optimizer, a tool designed to help site owners improve their wbesites. It is used to distinguish between two varaitions a webpage that might be shown to a visitor as part of an A/B split test. This helps site owners to detemine which version of a page performs better, and therefore helps to improve the website.

Name	Descripiton
_hjid	Hotjar cookie. This cookie is set when the customer first lands on a page with the Hotjar script. It is used to persist the random user ID, unique to that site on the browser. This ensures that behavior in subsequent visits to the same site will be attributed to the same user ID.
_hjIncludedInSample	This cookie is associated with web analytics functionality and services from Hot Jar, a Malta based company. It uniquely identifies a visitor during a single browser session and indicates they are included in an audience sample.
intercom-id-[xxx]	This cookie is used by Intercom as a session so that users can continue a chat as they move through the site.
intercom-session-[xxx]	Used to keeping track of sessions and remember logins and conversations.
demdex	Via a unique ID that is used for semantic content analysis, the user's navigation on the website is registered and linked to offline data from surveys and similar registrations to display targeted ads.
CookieConsent	Stores the user's cookie consent state for the current domain.
__cfduid	Used by the content network, Cloudflare, to identify trusted web traffic.
ss	These cookies enable the website to provide enhanced functionality and personalisation . They may be set by us or by third party providers whose services we have added to our pages. These services may include the Live Chat facility, Contact Us form(s), the Product Quotation forms and submission process, and the Email Newsletter sign up functionality .

Name	Descripiton
_ga	This cookie name is asssociated with Google Universal Analytics - which is a significant update to Google's more commonly used analytics service. This cookie is used to distinguish unique users by assigning a randomly generated number as a client identifier. It is included in each page. Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on how the visitor uses the website. request in a site and used to calculate visitor, session and campaign data for the sites analytics reports. By default it is set to expire after 2 years, although this is customisable by website owners.
_gat	Used by Google Analytics to throttle request rate. This cookie name is associated with Google Universal Analytics, according to documentation it is used to throttle the request rate - limiting the collection of data on high traffic sites. It expires after 10 minutes.
_gid	This cookie name is asssociated with Google Universal Analytics. This appears to be a new cookie and as of Spring 2017 no information is available from Google. It appears to store and update a unique value for each page visited. Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on how the visitor uses the website.
IDE	Used by Google DoubleClick to register and report the website user's actions after viewing or clicking one of the advertiser's ads with the purpose of measuring the efficacy of an ad and to present targeted ads to the user.
r/collect	Used by Google DoubleClick to register and report the website user's actions after viewing or clicking one of the advertiser's ads with the purpose of measuring the efficacy of an ad and to present targeted ads to the user.
test_cookie	Used to check if the user's browser supports cookies.
collect	Used to send data to Google Analytics about the visitor's device and behaviour. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
ads/user-lists/#	These cookies may be set through our site by our advertising partners. They may be used by those companies to build a profile of your interests and show you relevant adverts on other sites.
c	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
khaos	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
put_#	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
rpb	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
rpx	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
tap.php	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.

UAC-0184, 우크라이나 정부와 군을 공격하기 위해 메신저와 데이팅 웹사이트 악용

UAC-0184 최신 공격 설명

CERT-UA#9474 알림에 명시된 UAC-0184 활동 탐지

MITRE ATT&CK 컨텍스트

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