Remcos RAT 및 Meduza Stealer 탐지: UAC-0050 그룹, 우크라이나와 폴란드의 국가 기관을 대상으로 대규모 피싱 공격 개시

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Veronika Telychko

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12월 08, 2023 · 2 분 읽기

Remcos RAT 및 Meduza Stealer 탐지: UAC-0050 그룹, 우크라이나와 폴란드의 국가 기관을 대상으로 대규모 피싱 공격 개시

피싱 캠페인 이후 일주일도 채 지나지 않아 UAC-0050이 Remcos RAT를 전파하는, 이 그룹은 또 다른 공격 작전을 시도했습니다. 새로 발견된 대규모 이메일 배포 캠페인에서 UAC-0050 해커들은 우크라이나와 폴란드 공공 부문을 표적으로 삼아 악명 높은 Remcos RAT와 Meduza Stealer로 불리는 또 다른 악성코드의 변종을 활용합니다.

UAC-0050 공격 설명: CERT-UA#8218 경보에서 다뤄진 활동

2023년 11월 7일, CERT-UA는 새로운 주의를 발표했습니다 대규모 피싱 공격을 다루며 UAC-0050 해킹 단체 법정 요구 및 부채 관련 유혹 주제를 가진 이메일을 확산하며, 암호로 보호된 RAR 첨부 파일과 함께 전송합니다. 이 무기화된 아카이브를 열면 타겟 시스템이 Remcos RAT 와 Meduza Stealer 감염에 취약해집니다. 또한 해커들은 AutoIt/Injector 악성코드를 활용했습니다. UAC-0050은 일반적으로 말레이시아 제공업체 Shinjiru의 서비스를 사용하여 Remcos RAT의 제어 서버를 호스팅합니다.

눈에 띄게, 해커들은 정부 ua 도메인 내의 정당한 타협 계정을 포함한 이메일 캠페인에 활용했습니다. 발견된 이메일은 우크라이나 공공 부문 외에도 폴란드 정부 기관을 공격 대상으로 지목하고 있습니다.

가능한 완화 조치로 CERT-UA는 침입을 방지하기 위해 메일 게이트웨이 수준에서 비밀번호로 보호된 아카이브와 문서를 포함한 이메일 첨부 파일을 필터링할 것을 권장합니다.

Remcos RAT와 Meduza Stealer를 전파하는 UAC-0050 침입 탐지

최근의 UAC-0050 피싱 캠페인은 그룹의 공격 범위를 확대하려는 야망을 나타냅니다. CERT-UA#8218 경보에서 다루어진 최신 대규모 사이버 공격은 우크라이나와 폴란드를 잠재적 침입 피해자로 식별합니다. SOC Prime Platform은 공공 부문을 포함한 여러 산업 부문의 조직이 공격이 닥치기 전에 이를 사전 방지하도록 지원합니다.

UAC-0050 활동에서 Remcos RAT와 Meduza Stealer 악성코드를 배포하는 것에 대해 조직의 인프라를 보호하기 위해 “CERT-UA#8218” 태그로 필터링된 탐지 알고리즘의 큐레이션 리스트를 신뢰하십시오. 모든 관련 규칙과 쿼리에 대한 링크는 MITRE ATT&CK® 보다 빠른 공격 속성을 위한 것이며, 여러 사이버보안 언어로 변환 가능합니다:

CERT-UA#8218 경보에서 다루어지는 UAC-0050 공격을 탐지하기 위한 Sigma 규칙

클릭하여 탐지 탐색 UAC-0050로 귀속된 기존 및 신흥 공격에 대한 사전 방어를 위해 더 많은 탐지 알고리즘을 얻을 수 있습니다. 전체 규칙 세트는 CTI 연구원 및 SOC 분석가에게 심층적인 통찰과 사이버 위협 상황을 제공하는 관련 메타데이터로 강화되었습니다.

탐지 탐색

그와 함께 Uncoder IO, 탐지 엔지니어링을 위한 오픈 소스 IDE로 수비수들은 최신 CERT-UA 연구로부터의 법의학 데이터를 사용하여 IOC 패키징을 최대한 활용할 수 있습니다. the latest CERT-UA research 선택한 환경에서 즉시 실행할 준비가 된 맞춤형 검색 쿼리를 생성합니다.

MITRE ATT&CK 컨텍스트

CERT-UA#8218 최신 경보에서 다루어진 UAC-0050의 대규모 피싱 공격에 대한 통찰력 있는 배경 맥락을 파악하기 위해, 상기 참조된 모든 Sigma 규칙은 관련 전술, 기술 및 하위 기술을 다루는 ATT&CK로 태그되어 있습니다:

Tactics	Techniques	Sigma Rule
Initial Access	Phishing: Spearphishing Attachment (T1566.001)	Execution from RAR Archive [WinRAR] (via process_creation)
Initial Access	Phishing: Spearphishing Attachment (T1566.001)	Archive Extraction Directly from Mail Client (via process_creation)
Execution	Exploitation for Client Execution (T1203)	Execution from RAR Archive [WinRAR] (via process_creation)
	Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059)	Environment Variables in Command Line Arguments (via cmdline)
	Command and Scripting Interpreter: Visual Basic (T1059.005)	LOLBAS WScript / CScript (via process_creation)
	Command and Scripting Interpreter: JavaScript (T1059.007)	LOLBAS WScript / CScript (via process_creation)
Persistence	Boot or Logon Autostart Execution (T1547)	Suspicious Sctipts in Autostart Location (via file_event)
Defense Evasion	System Script Proxy Execution (T1216)	LOLBAS WScript / CScript (via process_creation)
Defense Evasion	Masquerading: Double File Extension (T1036.007)	Possible Malicious File Double Extension (via process_creation)

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Name	Descripiton
PHPSESSID	Preserves user session state across page requests. Cookie generated by applications based on the PHP language. This is a general purpose identifier used to maintain user session variables. It is normally a random generated number, how it is used can be specific to the site, but a good example is maintaining a logged-in status for a user between pages.
sp_i	Used to store information about authenticated User.
sp_r	Used to store information about authenticated User.
sp_a	Used to store information about authenticated User.

Name	Descripiton
tuuid	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
tuuid_last_update	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
um	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
umeh	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
na_sc_x	Used by the social sharing platform AddThis to keep a record of parts of the site that has been visited in order to recommend other parts of the site.
APID	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website.
IDSYNC	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website.
_cc_aud	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
_cc_cc	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
_cc_dc	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
_cc_id	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
dpm	Via a unique ID that is used for semantic content analysis, the user's navigation on the website is registered and linked to offline data from surveys and similar registrations to display targeted ads.
acs	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads.
clid	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads.
KRTBCOOKIE_#	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads.
PUBMDCID	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads.
PugT	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads.
ssi	Registers a unique ID that identifies a returning user's device. The ID is used for targeted ads.
_tmid	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device upon return visits. The ID is used to target ads in video clips.
wam-sync	Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website.
wui	Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website.
AFFICHE_W	Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website.
B	Collects anonymous data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The registered data is used to categorise the users' interest and demographical profiles with the purpose of customising the website content depending on the visitor.
1P_JAR	These cookies are used to gather website statistics, and track conversion rates.
APISID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
HSID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
NID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
SAPISID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
SID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
SIDCC	Security cookie to protect users data from unauthorised access.
SSID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
__utmx	This cookie is associated with Google Website Optimizer, a tool designed to help site owners improve their wbesites. It is used to distinguish between two varaitions a webpage that might be shown to a visitor as part of an A/B split test. This helps site owners to detemine which version of a page performs better, and therefore helps to improve the website.
__utmxx	This cookie is associated with Google Website Optimizer, a tool designed to help site owners improve their wbesites. It is used to distinguish between two varaitions a webpage that might be shown to a visitor as part of an A/B split test. This helps site owners to detemine which version of a page performs better, and therefore helps to improve the website.

Name	Descripiton
_hjid	Hotjar cookie. This cookie is set when the customer first lands on a page with the Hotjar script. It is used to persist the random user ID, unique to that site on the browser. This ensures that behavior in subsequent visits to the same site will be attributed to the same user ID.
_hjIncludedInSample	This cookie is associated with web analytics functionality and services from Hot Jar, a Malta based company. It uniquely identifies a visitor during a single browser session and indicates they are included in an audience sample.
intercom-id-[xxx]	This cookie is used by Intercom as a session so that users can continue a chat as they move through the site.
intercom-session-[xxx]	Used to keeping track of sessions and remember logins and conversations.
demdex	Via a unique ID that is used for semantic content analysis, the user's navigation on the website is registered and linked to offline data from surveys and similar registrations to display targeted ads.
CookieConsent	Stores the user's cookie consent state for the current domain.
__cfduid	Used by the content network, Cloudflare, to identify trusted web traffic.
ss	These cookies enable the website to provide enhanced functionality and personalisation . They may be set by us or by third party providers whose services we have added to our pages. These services may include the Live Chat facility, Contact Us form(s), the Product Quotation forms and submission process, and the Email Newsletter sign up functionality .

Name	Descripiton
_ga	This cookie name is asssociated with Google Universal Analytics - which is a significant update to Google's more commonly used analytics service. This cookie is used to distinguish unique users by assigning a randomly generated number as a client identifier. It is included in each page. Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on how the visitor uses the website. request in a site and used to calculate visitor, session and campaign data for the sites analytics reports. By default it is set to expire after 2 years, although this is customisable by website owners.
_gat	Used by Google Analytics to throttle request rate. This cookie name is associated with Google Universal Analytics, according to documentation it is used to throttle the request rate - limiting the collection of data on high traffic sites. It expires after 10 minutes.
_gid	This cookie name is asssociated with Google Universal Analytics. This appears to be a new cookie and as of Spring 2017 no information is available from Google. It appears to store and update a unique value for each page visited. Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on how the visitor uses the website.
IDE	Used by Google DoubleClick to register and report the website user's actions after viewing or clicking one of the advertiser's ads with the purpose of measuring the efficacy of an ad and to present targeted ads to the user.
r/collect	Used by Google DoubleClick to register and report the website user's actions after viewing or clicking one of the advertiser's ads with the purpose of measuring the efficacy of an ad and to present targeted ads to the user.
test_cookie	Used to check if the user's browser supports cookies.
collect	Used to send data to Google Analytics about the visitor's device and behaviour. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
ads/user-lists/#	These cookies may be set through our site by our advertising partners. They may be used by those companies to build a profile of your interests and show you relevant adverts on other sites.
c	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
khaos	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
put_#	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
rpb	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
rpx	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
tap.php	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.

Remcos RAT 및 Meduza Stealer 탐지: UAC-0050 그룹, 우크라이나와 폴란드의 국가 기관을 대상으로 대규모 피싱 공격 개시

UAC-0050 공격 설명: CERT-UA#8218 경보에서 다뤄진 활동

Remcos RAT와 Meduza Stealer를 전파하는 UAC-0050 침입 탐지

MITRE ATT&CK 컨텍스트

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