공격자들이 Microsoft OneNote 첨부파일을 악용하여 자격 증명을 탈취하고 맬웨어를 확산시킵니다

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Daryna Olyniychuk

마케팅 팀 리드

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2월 01, 2023 · 3 분 읽기

공격자들이 Microsoft OneNote 첨부파일을 악용하여 자격 증명을 탈취하고 맬웨어를 확산시킵니다

Microsoft 문서가 피싱 공격의 표적이 되었으며, 적들은 악성 스트레인을 전파할 새로운 방법을 지속적으로 찾고 있습니다. Microsoft 제품의 보안 취약점은 사이버 위협 영역에서 빈번히 소동을 일으키며, 많은 사용자에게 영향을 미칩니다. 이것은 Follina 제로데이 결함 및 CVE-2022-22005.

보안 연구자들은 최근 사이버 공격에서 해커들이 Microsoft OneNote 첨부 파일을 피싱 이메일의 유인책으로 활용하여 악성코드를 설치하고 사용자의 민감한 데이터에 대한 무단 접근을 얻고 있다고 글로벌 사이버 방어 공동체에 알립니다.

OneNote 첨부 파일을 악용한 사이버 공격 탐지

사이버 방어자들은 신규 위협과 적대적 전술, 기법, 절차(TTP)에 대해 선제적으로 방어하기 위해 신속하게 대응하려고 노력하고 있습니다. 위협 행위자들이 지속적으로 새로운 공격 벡터와 트릭을 사용하여 악성코드를 퍼뜨리는 반면, 선제적 사이버 방어 관행을 구현함으로써 조직은 위협을 보다 효율적으로 완화할 수 있습니다.

SOC Prime Platform은 피싱 이메일에 관련된 OneNote 첨부 파일의 감염을 즉시 식별할 수 있도록 하기 위해 시그마 규칙을 모아 보안 엔지니어를 지원합니다. 모든 탐지 콘텐츠는 25개 이상의 SIEM, EDR, BDP 및 XDR 솔루션과 호환되며, MITRE ATT&CK® 프레임워크 v12.

아래의 Explore Detections 버튼을 눌러 관련 탐지 콘텐츠의 전체 리스트에 접근할 수 있으며, 폭넓은 메타데이터 및 CTI 참조와 함께 제공됩니다.

Explore Detections

Microsoft OneNote 악용: 공격 분석

Microsoft Office 2019 및 Microsoft 365 패키지에 포함된 널리 사용되는 데스크톱 디지털 도구인 Microsoft OneNote 애플리케이션은 현재 공격자에 의해 악용되어 피싱 기반 악성코드 공격을 시작하고 있습니다.

감염 체인은 유인 첨부 파일을 클릭하여 시작되며, 이는 스크립트를 실행하고 원격 웹사이트에서 악성코드를 설치합니다. Trustwave SpiderLabs의 연구원들은 악성 활동을 관찰해왔으며 2022년 12월 중순부터 OneNote 첨부 파일을 악용하고 있으며, 이 취약점에 대한 첫 번째 경고는 Perception Point Attack Trends의 트윗에서 나왔습니다. 사이버 보안 연구원들에 따르면, 피싱 이메일을 통해 배포된 악성코드는 malicious spam (malspam) OneNote 첨부 파일 을 포함하고 있으며 이는 암호화폐 지갑을 목표로 하는 자격 증명을 탈취하고 다른 악성코드 샘플들을 배포할 수 있습니다.

Microsoft는 더 이상 Office 파일에 매크로를 적용하지 않아 해커들이 Excel 및 Word 문서를 악용하여 악성 스트레인을 퍼뜨릴 수 없도록 하고 있습니다. 하지만 Excel 및 Word와 달리 OneNote는 매크로를 지원하지 않습니다. 공격 조사는 대부분의 피싱 이메일이 트로이 목마화된 첨부 파일을 두 번 클릭하도록 유인한다는 것을 보여줍니다. 클릭 시 악성 Visual Basic 스크립트가 실행되며 원격 서버와 통신을 수립하고 트로이 목마 세트를 포함하여 다른 악성코드를 설치하려고 시도합니다. 공개된 멀스팸 이메일은 종종 선적 문서, 송장 및 도면을 사칭합니다.

잠재적인 완화 조치로서, OneNote 사용자들은 다중 인증을 활성화하고, 안티바이러스 보호를 사용하며, 피싱 공격을 방지하기 위한 최고의 보안 관행을 따를 것을 권장합니다.

정당한 도구를 악용하는 사이버 공격의 양이 꾸준히 늘어남에 따라, 전 세계 수천 명의 사용자가 사용하는 사이버 보안 전문가들은 새로운 악성 트릭과 접근법보다 앞서 나가야 하기 때문에 신뢰할 수 있는 탐지 콘텐츠 소스를 필요로 합니다. socprime.com 에서 현재 및 신규 위협에 대한 시그마 규칙을 검색하세요. 탐지 엔지니어링 및 위협 사냥을 위한 9,000개 이상의 아이디어와 함께 포괄적인 사이버 위협 컨텍스트를 포함합니다. 또는 On Demand로 업그레이드 하여 프리미엄 시그마 규칙에 대한 액세스를 잠금 해제하고 가장 관련성 높은 탐지를 손에 넣어 위협 사냥 작업에서 초를 절약하세요.

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Name	Descripiton
PHPSESSID	Preserves user session state across page requests. Cookie generated by applications based on the PHP language. This is a general purpose identifier used to maintain user session variables. It is normally a random generated number, how it is used can be specific to the site, but a good example is maintaining a logged-in status for a user between pages.
sp_i	Used to store information about authenticated User.
sp_r	Used to store information about authenticated User.
sp_a	Used to store information about authenticated User.

Name	Descripiton
tuuid	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
tuuid_last_update	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
um	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
umeh	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
na_sc_x	Used by the social sharing platform AddThis to keep a record of parts of the site that has been visited in order to recommend other parts of the site.
APID	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website.
IDSYNC	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website.
_cc_aud	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
_cc_cc	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
_cc_dc	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
_cc_id	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
dpm	Via a unique ID that is used for semantic content analysis, the user's navigation on the website is registered and linked to offline data from surveys and similar registrations to display targeted ads.
acs	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads.
clid	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads.
KRTBCOOKIE_#	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads.
PUBMDCID	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads.
PugT	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads.
ssi	Registers a unique ID that identifies a returning user's device. The ID is used for targeted ads.
_tmid	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device upon return visits. The ID is used to target ads in video clips.
wam-sync	Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website.
wui	Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website.
AFFICHE_W	Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website.
B	Collects anonymous data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The registered data is used to categorise the users' interest and demographical profiles with the purpose of customising the website content depending on the visitor.
1P_JAR	These cookies are used to gather website statistics, and track conversion rates.
APISID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
HSID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
NID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
SAPISID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
SID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
SIDCC	Security cookie to protect users data from unauthorised access.
SSID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
__utmx	This cookie is associated with Google Website Optimizer, a tool designed to help site owners improve their wbesites. It is used to distinguish between two varaitions a webpage that might be shown to a visitor as part of an A/B split test. This helps site owners to detemine which version of a page performs better, and therefore helps to improve the website.
__utmxx	This cookie is associated with Google Website Optimizer, a tool designed to help site owners improve their wbesites. It is used to distinguish between two varaitions a webpage that might be shown to a visitor as part of an A/B split test. This helps site owners to detemine which version of a page performs better, and therefore helps to improve the website.

Name	Descripiton
_hjid	Hotjar cookie. This cookie is set when the customer first lands on a page with the Hotjar script. It is used to persist the random user ID, unique to that site on the browser. This ensures that behavior in subsequent visits to the same site will be attributed to the same user ID.
_hjIncludedInSample	This cookie is associated with web analytics functionality and services from Hot Jar, a Malta based company. It uniquely identifies a visitor during a single browser session and indicates they are included in an audience sample.
intercom-id-[xxx]	This cookie is used by Intercom as a session so that users can continue a chat as they move through the site.
intercom-session-[xxx]	Used to keeping track of sessions and remember logins and conversations.
demdex	Via a unique ID that is used for semantic content analysis, the user's navigation on the website is registered and linked to offline data from surveys and similar registrations to display targeted ads.
CookieConsent	Stores the user's cookie consent state for the current domain.
__cfduid	Used by the content network, Cloudflare, to identify trusted web traffic.
ss	These cookies enable the website to provide enhanced functionality and personalisation . They may be set by us or by third party providers whose services we have added to our pages. These services may include the Live Chat facility, Contact Us form(s), the Product Quotation forms and submission process, and the Email Newsletter sign up functionality .

Name	Descripiton
_ga	This cookie name is asssociated with Google Universal Analytics - which is a significant update to Google's more commonly used analytics service. This cookie is used to distinguish unique users by assigning a randomly generated number as a client identifier. It is included in each page. Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on how the visitor uses the website. request in a site and used to calculate visitor, session and campaign data for the sites analytics reports. By default it is set to expire after 2 years, although this is customisable by website owners.
_gat	Used by Google Analytics to throttle request rate. This cookie name is associated with Google Universal Analytics, according to documentation it is used to throttle the request rate - limiting the collection of data on high traffic sites. It expires after 10 minutes.
_gid	This cookie name is asssociated with Google Universal Analytics. This appears to be a new cookie and as of Spring 2017 no information is available from Google. It appears to store and update a unique value for each page visited. Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on how the visitor uses the website.
IDE	Used by Google DoubleClick to register and report the website user's actions after viewing or clicking one of the advertiser's ads with the purpose of measuring the efficacy of an ad and to present targeted ads to the user.
r/collect	Used by Google DoubleClick to register and report the website user's actions after viewing or clicking one of the advertiser's ads with the purpose of measuring the efficacy of an ad and to present targeted ads to the user.
test_cookie	Used to check if the user's browser supports cookies.
collect	Used to send data to Google Analytics about the visitor's device and behaviour. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
ads/user-lists/#	These cookies may be set through our site by our advertising partners. They may be used by those companies to build a profile of your interests and show you relevant adverts on other sites.
c	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
khaos	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
put_#	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
rpb	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
rpx	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
tap.php	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.

공격자들이 Microsoft OneNote 첨부파일을 악용하여 자격 증명을 탈취하고 맬웨어를 확산시킵니다

OneNote 첨부 파일을 악용한 사이버 공격 탐지

Microsoft OneNote 악용: 공격 분석

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사이버 방어를 강화하세요 위협 탐지 마켓플레이스

공격자들이 Microsoft OneNote 첨부파일을 악용하여 자격 증명을 탈취하고 맬웨어를 확산시킵니다

OneNote 첨부 파일을 악용한 사이버 공격 탐지

Microsoft OneNote 악용: 공격 분석

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사이버 방어를 강화하세요 위협 탐지 마켓플레이스

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