Detection stack
- AIDR
- Alert
- ETL
- Query
EndClient RAT 분석
EndClient RAT는 최근에 관찰된 원격 접속 트로이 목마로, 서명된 바이너리 또는 스크립트 드로퍼(도난당한 코드 서명 인증서를 사용하여 SmartScreen/AV를 회피함)를 통해 도착하며, 원격 셸/명령 실행, 파일 업로드/다운로드, 지속성, HTTP(S)를 통한 C2를 제공하고, 현재까지 낮은 탐지율을 보였으며, IOC와 함께 초기 기술 보고서에 문서화되었습니다.
즉각적인 조치로는 파일 해시 및 인증서 일련 번호 수집, 알려진 C2 도메인/URL 차단, 예상치 못한 코드 서명 인증서의 취소 또는 고정, 애플리케이션 화이트리스트 활성화, 이메일/첨부 파일 제어 강화 및 비정상적 서명 실행 파일 사냥하기 포함됩니다.
조사
기술 분석은 다음 ATT&CK 기술을 드러냅니다: T1059.003 (명령-셸을 숨겨진 cmd.exe 및 명명된 파이프를 통해), T1105 (도구 전송을 다운로드/업로드 명령을 통해 유입하기), T1569.001 (프로세스 생성하기), T1053.005 (지속성을 위한 예약된 작업), T1027 (암호화/저장된 파일 – AutoIT 스크립트 컴파일 및 Avast 발견 시 다형성 변이), T1547.009 (단축 아이콘 수정 – 시작 시 LNK), T1543.003 (Windows 서비스 – schtasks.exe를 hwpviewer.exe로 복사하기), T1036.005 (위장 – 도난당한 인증서를 사용하는 서명된 MSI), T1574.001 (실행 흐름 장악 – DLL 호출), T1129 (공유 모듈 – Base64, LZMA, 이진 검색에 공통 메모리 스텁 사용). RAT는 전역 뮤텍스(GlobalAB732E15-D8DD-87A1-7464-CE6698819E701)를 사용하여 여러 인스턴스를 방지하고, Avast AV를 확인하며, 매분마다 실행되는 “IoKlTr”라는 예약 작업을 생성하고, 파일을 C:UsersPublicMusic에 드롭합니다. 네트워크 C2는 TCP를 통해 116.202.99.218:443로 수행되며, “endClient9688” 및 “endServer9688″라는 센티넬 프레임 JSON 마커를 사용합니다.
완화
서명되지 않았거나 의심스러운 MSI 설치 프로그램, 특히 도난당한 인증서로 서명된 MSI 설치 프로그램의 실행을 차단하십시오. “IoKlTr” 또는 이와 유사한 이름의 예약 작업 생성 및 시작 폴더 내 LNK 파일(e.g., Smart_Web.lnk)에 대한 모니터링 및 경고를 설정합니다. 전역 뮤텍스 값 및 AutoIT 바이너리(AutoIt3.exe)의 사용을 탐지합니다. 네트워크 방출 필터링을 시행하여 C2 IP 116.202.99.218 및 사용자 정의 JSON 마커를 사용하는 모든 트래픽을 차단합니다. 컴파일된 AutoIT 스크립트를 검사하고 다형성 파일 변이를 탐지할 수 있는 엔드포인트 보호를 배포합니다. 손상된 인증서에 대한 코드 서명 검증 및 취소를 구현합니다.
응답
감염이 의심될 경우, 영향을 받은 호스트를 격리하고, 포렌식 분석을 위해 메모리 덤프와 MSI 파일을 수집하며, 예약된 작업 정의, LNK 파일 및 뮤텍스 목록을 캡처하십시오. 드롭된 모든 바이너리를 해시하고 알려진 IOC와 비교하십시오. 예약된 작업을 제거하고, LNK 단축 아이콘을 삭제하며, RAT와 관련된 C:UsersPublicMusic의 파일을 삭제하십시오. C2 IP를 차단하고 방화벽 규칙을 업데이트하십시오. 환경 전반에 걸쳐 뮤텍스, 명명된 파이프 패턴 및 사용자 정의 JSON 마커에 대한 지표 사냥을 수행하십시오. 관련 이해당사자에게 결과를 제공하고, 영향을 받은 인권 단체에 알리는 것을 고려하십시오.
graph TB %% 클래스 정의 classDef technique fill:#99ccff classDef process fill:#ffdd99 classDef discovery fill:#ddffdd classDef exfil fill:#ffcc99 classDef c2 fill:#ff99cc %% 노드 A[“<b>기법</b> – <b>T1210 원격 서비스 악용</b><br/>포트 8530/8531에서 인증되지 않은 WSUS 역직렬화”] class A technique B[“<b>기법</b> – <b>T1059.003 명령 실행</b><br/>wsusservice.exe 또는 w3wp.exe가 cmd.exe를 생성”] class B process C[“<b>기법</b> – <b>T1059.001 PowerShell</b> 및 <b>T1027.009 난독화된 파일 또는 정보</b><br/>Base64로 인코딩된 페이로드를 디코딩 후 실행”] class C process D1[“<b>기법</b> – <b>T1033 시스템 소유자/사용자 탐색</b><br/>명령: whoami”] class D1 discovery D2[“<b>기법</b> – <b>T1087.002 도메인 계정 탐색</b><br/>명령: net user /domain”] class D2 discovery D3[“<b>기법</b> – <b>T1016 네트워크 구성 탐색</b><br/>명령: ipconfig /all”] class D3 discovery E[“<b>기법</b> – <b>T1567.004 웹훅을 통한 데이터 유출</b> (HTTP PUT, T1102.002)<br/>도구: Invoke‑WebRequest 또는 curl”] class E exfil F[“<b>기법</b> – <b>T1090.003 다중 홉 프록시</b> 및 <b>T1071.001 웹 프로토콜</b><br/>명령 및 제어 트래픽”] class F c2 %% 연결 A u002du002d>|악용| B B u002du002d>|생성| C C u002du002d>|실행| D1 C u002du002d>|실행| D2 C u002du002d>|실행| D3 D1 u002du002d>|수집| E D2 u002du002d>|수집| E D3 u002du002d>|수집| E E u002du002d>|전송| F
공격 흐름
탐지
EndClient RAT 전달 및 실행 탐지 [Windows 프로세스 생성]
보기
EndClient RAT C2 통신 탐지 [Windows 네트워크 연결]
보기
“EndClient RAT”를 탐지하는 IOC (HashSha256)
보기
“EndClient RAT”를 탐지하는 IOC (HashSha1)
보기
공용 사용자 프로파일로부터의 의심스러운 실행 (프로세스 생성 경유)
보기
CVE-2025-59287 시뮬레이션
시뮬레이션 실행
사전조건: Telemetry & Baseline 비행 전 점검이 통과해야 합니다.
-
공격 서사 및 명령어:
-
서명된 MSI를 전달하십시오 (
StressClear.msi) 피해 호스트에. -
MSI를 실행하십시오 조용히, 내장된 AutoIt 스크립트(
payload.au3). - AutoIt 스크립트는 AutoIt3.exe,를 실행하여 숨김
cmd.exe를 열어 역방향 셸을 열었습니다. - 지속성을 설정하기 위해, 스크립트는 정품
schtasks.exe를C:WindowsTemphwpviewer.exe로 복사하고 시스템 시작 시 이 이름 변경된 바이너리를 호출하는 예약된 작업을 등록합니다. - 숨겨진
cmd.exe프로세스는 인수hidden와 함께 시작하여 사용자 가시성을 피하며, 규칙의 제외 기준에 따라 올바르게 생략됩니다.
-
서명된 MSI를 전달하십시오 (
-
회귀 테스트 스크립트:
# ------------------------------------------------- # EndClient RAT Delivery & Execution Simulation # ------------------------------------------------- # 1. 서명된 MSI 설치(AutoIT 페이로드 제공) msiexec /i "C:TempStressClear.msi" /quiet /norestart # 2. 추출된 AutoIt 스크립트 찾기(시뮬레이션 경로) $autoitScript = "C:ProgramDataStressClearpayload.au3" # 3. AutoIt3.exe와 함께 스크립트 실행 $autoItExe = (Get-Command "AutoIt3.exe" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue).Source if (-not $autoItExe) { Write-Error "AutoIt3.exe not found on system. aborting."
SOC Prime의 Detection as Code 플랫폼에 가입하세요 귀하의 비즈니스와 가장 관련 있는 위협에 대한 가시성을 향상시키세요. 시작하고 즉각적인 가치를 창출하기 위해 지금 SOC Prime 전문가와의 미팅을 예약하세요.
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