CVE-2025-11001: NHS Warns of PoC Exploit for 7-Zip Symbolic Link–Based RCE Vulnerability
Detection stack
- AIDR
- Alert
- ETL
- Query
概要
Defendersは、特別に作成されたシンボリックリンクを含むZIPアーカイブによって引き起こされる7-Zipのリモートコード実行脆弱性(CVE-2025-11001)を公表しました。NHS England Digitalは概念実証(PoC)エクスプロイトコードの入手可能性に関する勧告を発表しましたが、その時点で現実世界での悪用が確認されていないことを強調しました。この問題は主にWindows環境に影響を与え、サービスアカウントにアクセスする敵対者によって悪用される可能性があります。その後の勧告更新では、初期の懸念にもかかわらず、アクティブな悪用は観測されていないことが明確化されました。
CVE-2025-11001の分析
研究者たちは、CVE-2025-11001がZIPファイル内に埋め込まれたシンボリックリンクの処理におけるパストラバーサルの欠陥に起因することを特定しました。Trend Microのゼロデイイニシアティブはその潜在的な影響を強調し、セキュリティ研究者がこのバグを通じて実際のコード実行を示すPoCを公開しました。NHS England Digitalは悪用の兆候を確認するためのテレメトリを追跡し、これらの研究成果と脅威インテルレポートに基づいたガイダンスを発行しました。
緩和策
リスクを軽減するために、ユーザーはCVE-2025-11001およびCVE-2025-11002に対処した7-Zipのバージョン25.00にアップグレードすべきです。組織は、7-Zipが昇格した特権または開発者ツールで動作するシステムでこのアップデートを優先すべきです。追加の強化措置には、信頼できないアーカイブの実行をブロックすることや、機密ホストで7-Zipを実行できる人を制限すること、アーカイブ処理に関連する異常なプロセス動作の監視が含まれます。
対応策
検出と対応チームは、信頼できないパスから起動された7-Zipプロセスや、テンポラリまたはユーザーが書き込み可能なディレクトリ内での異常なシンボリックリンク作成を監視するべきです。高特権プロセスが7-Zipアクティビティから発生した場合にアラートを生成し、これらのシグナルをWindowsイベントログと関連づけて可能性のあるコード実行試行を特定します。最新の7-Zipパッチが展開されていることを確認し、エンドポイント全体で最低特権実行ポリシーを強化します。
攻撃フロー
この部分はまだ更新中です。通知を受け取るためにサインアップしてください
通知するシミュレーションの実行
前提条件:テレメトリ & ベースラインプレフライトチェックが通過していること。
根拠:このセクションは、検出ルールをトリガーするよう設計された敵対者の技術(TTP)を正確に実行します。コマンドと叙述はTTPsを直接反映し、検出ロジックによって期待される正確なテレメトリを生成することを目指します。
-
攻撃の叙述とコマンド:
敵対者は、次の名前の悪意のあるアーカイブを作成します:“7‑Zip 21.02_exploit.zip”が、次のシンボリックリンクを含んでいます:C:WindowsSystem32calc.exe。被害者が脆弱な7‑Zipバージョン(21.02)を使用してアーカイブを抽出すると、シンボリックリンクが解決され、攻撃者制御のペイロードが特権のある場所に書き込まれ、その後実行され、CVE‑2025‑11001を介したリモートコード実行を達成します。攻撃者の作業ステーションで実行されるステップ(ローカルでシミュレート):
- シンボリックリンクを作成する:
link_to_calcが、以下を指します:C:WindowsSystem32calc.exe. - シンボリックリンクを含むZIPファイルをパッケージ化します。その名前に正確な文字列“7‑Zip 21.02”を含むようにします。
- ZIPをターゲットホストにドロップします(監視対象フォルダにコピーしてシミュレート)。
- シンボリックリンクを作成する:
-
回帰テストスクリプト:以下のPowerShellスクリプトは、ターゲットマシンでの上記のアクションを再現します。現在のユーザーがシンボリックリンクを作成する権限を持っていることを前提としています(
SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege).# シミュレーションスクリプト – シグマルールを発火させるための悪意のあるZIPを作成 # 前提条件:シンボリックリンクを作成するには管理者として実行 # 1. パスを定義 $tempDir = "$env:Tempziptp" $linkPath = "$tempDirlink_to_calc" $targetExe = "$env:WINDIRSystem32calc.exe" $zipPath = "$tempDir7-Zip 21.02_exploit.zip" # 2. 作業ディレクトリを準備 New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path $tempDir | Out-Null # 3. シンボリックリンクを作成(ファイルタイプ) cmd /c mklink "$linkPath" "$targetExe" | Out-Null # 4. リンク作成の検証 if (-not (Test-Path $linkPath -PathType Leaf)) { Write-Error "シンボリックリンクの作成に失敗しました。" exit 1 } # 5. 7‑Zipを使用してZIPアーカイブにシンボリックリンクを追加(7z.exeがPATHにあることを前提としています) & 7z a -tzip -slink "$zipPath" "$linkPath" | Out-Null # 6. 一時リンクをクリーンアップ(検出のためにZIPを保持) Remove-Item $linkPath -Force Write-Host "悪意のあるZIPが$zipPathに作成されました" -
クリーンアップコマンド:検証後にアーティファクトを削除します。
$tempDir = "$env:Tempziptp" Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $tempDir Write-Host "クリーンアップ完了。"
SOCプライムのDetection as Codeプラットフォームに参加してください ビジネスに最も関連する脅威の可視性を向上させるために。開始をお手伝いし、即時の価値を提供するために、今すぐSOCプライムの専門家とミーティングを予約してください。
Cookie Settings
You can set your browser to block or alert you about these cookies, but some parts of the site will not then work. These cookies do not store any personally identifiable information.
| Name | Descripiton |
|---|---|
| PHPSESSID | Preserves user session state across page requests. Cookie generated by applications based on the PHP language. This is a general purpose identifier used to maintain user session variables. It is normally a random generated number, how it is used can be specific to the site, but a good example is maintaining a logged-in status for a user between pages. |
| sp_i | Used to store information about authenticated User. |
| sp_r | Used to store information about authenticated User. |
| sp_a | Used to store information about authenticated User. |
All information these cookies collect is aggregated and therefore anonymous. If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance.
| Name | Descripiton |
|---|---|
| tuuid | Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. |
| tuuid_last_update | Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. |
| um | Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. |
| umeh | Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. |
| na_sc_x | Used by the social sharing platform AddThis to keep a record of parts of the site that has been visited in order to recommend other parts of the site. |
| APID | Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website. |
| IDSYNC | Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website. |
| _cc_aud | Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising. |
| _cc_cc | Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising. |
| _cc_dc | Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising. |
| _cc_id | Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising. |
| dpm | Via a unique ID that is used for semantic content analysis, the user's navigation on the website is registered and linked to offline data from surveys and similar registrations to display targeted ads. |
| acs | Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads. |
| clid | Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads. |
| KRTBCOOKIE_# | Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads. |
| PUBMDCID | Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads. |
| PugT | Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads. |
| ssi | Registers a unique ID that identifies a returning user's device. The ID is used for targeted ads. |
| _tmid | Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device upon return visits. The ID is used to target ads in video clips. |
| wam-sync | Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website. |
| wui | Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website. |
| AFFICHE_W | Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website. |
| B | Collects anonymous data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The registered data is used to categorise the users' interest and demographical profiles with the purpose of customising the website content depending on the visitor. |
| 1P_JAR | These cookies are used to gather website statistics, and track conversion rates. |
| APISID | Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users. |
| HSID | Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users. |
| NID | Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users. |
| SAPISID | Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users. |
| SID | Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users. |
| SIDCC | Security cookie to protect users data from unauthorised access. |
| SSID | Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users. |
| __utmx | This cookie is associated with Google Website Optimizer, a tool designed to help site owners improve their wbesites. It is used to distinguish between two varaitions a webpage that might be shown to a visitor as part of an A/B split test. This helps site owners to detemine which version of a page performs better, and therefore helps to improve the website. |
| __utmxx | This cookie is associated with Google Website Optimizer, a tool designed to help site owners improve their wbesites. It is used to distinguish between two varaitions a webpage that might be shown to a visitor as part of an A/B split test. This helps site owners to detemine which version of a page performs better, and therefore helps to improve the website. |
If you do not allow these cookies then some or all of these services may not function properly.
| Name | Descripiton |
|---|---|
| _hjid | Hotjar cookie. This cookie is set when the customer first lands on a page with the Hotjar script. It is used to persist the random user ID, unique to that site on the browser. This ensures that behavior in subsequent visits to the same site will be attributed to the same user ID. |
| _hjIncludedInSample | This cookie is associated with web analytics functionality and services from Hot Jar, a Malta based company. It uniquely identifies a visitor during a single browser session and indicates they are included in an audience sample. |
| intercom-id-[xxx] | This cookie is used by Intercom as a session so that users can continue a chat as they move through the site. |
| intercom-session-[xxx] | Used to keeping track of sessions and remember logins and conversations. |
| demdex | Via a unique ID that is used for semantic content analysis, the user's navigation on the website is registered and linked to offline data from surveys and similar registrations to display targeted ads. |
| CookieConsent | Stores the user's cookie consent state for the current domain. |
| __cfduid | Used by the content network, Cloudflare, to identify trusted web traffic. |
| ss | These cookies enable the website to provide enhanced functionality and
personalisation . They may be set by us or by third party providers whose
services we have added to our pages. These services may include the Live Chat facility, Contact Us form(s), the Product Quotation forms and submission process, and the Email Newsletter sign up functionality . |
They do not store directly personal information, but are based on uniquely identifying your browser and internet device. If you do not allow these cookies, you will experience less targeted advertising.
| Name | Descripiton |
|---|---|
| _ga | This cookie name is asssociated with Google Universal Analytics - which is a significant update to Google's more commonly used analytics service. This cookie is used to distinguish unique users by assigning a randomly generated number as a client identifier. It is included in each page. Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on how the visitor uses the website. request in a site and used to calculate visitor, session and campaign data for the sites analytics reports. By default it is set to expire after 2 years, although this is customisable by website owners. |
| _gat | Used by Google Analytics to throttle request rate. This cookie name is associated with Google Universal Analytics, according to documentation it is used to throttle the request rate - limiting the collection of data on high traffic sites. It expires after 10 minutes. |
| _gid | This cookie name is asssociated with Google Universal Analytics. This appears to be a new cookie and as of Spring 2017 no information is available from Google. It appears to store and update a unique value for each page visited. Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on how the visitor uses the website. |
| IDE | Used by Google DoubleClick to register and report the website user's actions after viewing or clicking one of the advertiser's ads with the purpose of measuring the efficacy of an ad and to present targeted ads to the user. |
| r/collect | Used by Google DoubleClick to register and report the website user's actions after viewing or clicking one of the advertiser's ads with the purpose of measuring the efficacy of an ad and to present targeted ads to the user. |
| test_cookie | Used to check if the user's browser supports cookies. |
| collect | Used to send data to Google Analytics about the visitor's device and behaviour. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels. |
| ads/user-lists/# | These cookies may be set through our site by our advertising partners. They may be used by those companies to build a profile of your interests and show you relevant adverts on other sites. |
| c | Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network. |
| khaos | Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network. |
| put_# | Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network. |
| rpb | Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network. |
| rpx | Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network. |
| tap.php | Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network. |