Resumen de Reglas: Seguridad de Servidores Web y Detección de Troyanos

ESCRITO POR

Eugene Tkachenko

Líder del Programa Comunitario

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mayo 08, 2020 · 4 min de lectura

Resumen de Reglas: Seguridad de Servidores Web y Detección de Troyanos

Continuamos llamando su atención sobre las reglas cuyas capacidades van más allá del contenido de detección más común que analiza los registros de Sysmon. Hoy en nuestro resumen hay dos reglas para detectar ataques a Servidores Web, una continuación de una serie de reglas (1, 2) para descubrir rastros de ataques del grupo de hackers Outlaw, y contenido de detección que revela el backdoor GRIFFON y el troyano Qulab.

Patrones sospechosos de agente de usuario (vía web) por el equipo de SOC Prime

https://tdm.socprime.com/tdm/info/sPx0vvd77u3g/GuZ7OnEBv8lhbg_iHiB9/?p=1

Esta regla ayuda a su solución de seguridad a encontrar User-Agents sospechosos en los registros web y detectar escáneres de aplicaciones web o herramientas ofensivas con configuraciones predeterminadas.

Posibles patrones de inyecciones de comandos del SO (vía web) por el equipo de SOC Prime

https://tdm.socprime.com/tdm/info/NCkwfXD408mF/_QlaxnEBAq_xcQY4Ne4e/?p=1

Esta regla ayuda a proteger su servidor web de una amenaza mucho mayor que los bots maliciosos. Con ella, puede detectar inyecciones de shell que permiten a los adversarios ejecutar comandos arbitrarios del sistema operativo en su servidor web. La inyección de shell puede comprometer otras partes de la infraestructura de alojamiento y facilitar el movimiento lateral a otros sistemas dentro de la red de su organización.

Indicadores de comportamiento del grupo de hackers Outlaw (vía línea de comandos) por el equipo de SOC Prime

https://tdm.socprime.com/tdm/info/O5ZiqqZ4DzqR/-CHjy3EBjwDfaYjK9Evp/?p=1

Escribimos sobre este grupo en detalle en una publicación sobre la regla Sigma de la comunidad. La regla de Indicadores de comportamiento del grupo de hackers Outlaw ayuda a detectar acciones maliciosas que pasan desapercibidas por otras reglas. Este contenido también se ha traducido a más plataformas que la caza de amenazas universal Sigma.

Troyano Qulab (abuso COVID-19) por Ariel Millahuel

https://tdm.socprime.com/tdm/info/OfeYx3G0RNhn/YiGwynEBjwDfaYjKfkqA/?p=1

La nueva regla de Ariel ayuda a detectar el troyano Qulab Clipper que se utiliza para monitorear el portapapeles del computador infectado y reemplazar la información asociada con transacciones de monedas digitales. El troyano también puede recopilar y exfiltrar datos privados de la máquina atacada. El Qulab Clipper se está distribuyendo en foros de hackers, y se detectaron nuevas versiones del malware que aparecieron en medio de la pandemia de COVID-19

Backdoor de FIN7 «GRIFFON por Ariel Millahuel

https://tdm.socprime.com/tdm/info/BlYPRF42TjGl/Wgm3ynEBAq_xcQY4h_IZ/?p=1

The FIN7 grupo no necesita una presentación especial, han atacado instituciones financieras en todo el mundo durante más de 6 años, y el arresto de sus líderes no llevó a la disolución del grupo. El backdoor de entrega de javascript GRIFFON fue detectado en sus ataques recientes, los ciberdelincuentes abusan del control ActiveX para ejecutar automáticamente la macro maliciosa luego de habilitar el contenido del Documento. La regla Sigma de caza de amenazas comunitaria de Ariel Millahuel detecta características del backdoor GRIFFON que se utiliza para recopilar información y descargar otras herramientas utilizadas por el grupo.

Las reglas de esta colección tienen traducciones para las siguientes plataformas:

SIEM: Azure Sentinel, ArcSight, QRadar, Splunk, Graylog, Sumo Logic, ELK Stack, RSA NetWitness, Logpoint, Humio, RSA NetWitness

EDR: Windows Defender ATP, Carbon Black, CrowdStrike, Elastic Endpoint

NTA: Corelight

MITRE ATT&CK:

Tácticas: Acceso inicial, Ejecución, Persistencia, Evasión de defensas

Técnicas: Explotación de aplicación orientada al público (T1190), Interfaz de línea de comandos (T1059), Modificación de permisos de archivo y directorios (T1222), Archivos y directorios ocultos (T1158), Programación de trabajos locales (T1168), Scripting (T1064), Instalar certificado raíz (T1130), Modificar registro (T1112)

Únase a nuestro programa Threat Bounty, escriba y publique contenido de detección útil, y tal vez la próxima semana su regla aparezca en el resumen y su entrevista se publique en nuestro blog.

Aprenda más sobre el programa: https://my.socprime.com/en/tdm-developers

Lea entrevistas con nuestros principales desarrolladores: https://socprime.com/en/tag/interview/

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JSOutProx RAT

Eugene Tkachenko

Name	Descripiton
PHPSESSID	Preserves user session state across page requests. Cookie generated by applications based on the PHP language. This is a general purpose identifier used to maintain user session variables. It is normally a random generated number, how it is used can be specific to the site, but a good example is maintaining a logged-in status for a user between pages.
sp_i	Used to store information about authenticated User.
sp_r	Used to store information about authenticated User.
sp_a	Used to store information about authenticated User.

Name	Descripiton
tuuid	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
tuuid_last_update	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
um	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
umeh	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
na_sc_x	Used by the social sharing platform AddThis to keep a record of parts of the site that has been visited in order to recommend other parts of the site.
APID	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website.
IDSYNC	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website.
_cc_aud	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
_cc_cc	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
_cc_dc	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
_cc_id	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
dpm	Via a unique ID that is used for semantic content analysis, the user's navigation on the website is registered and linked to offline data from surveys and similar registrations to display targeted ads.
acs	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads.
clid	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads.
KRTBCOOKIE_#	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads.
PUBMDCID	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads.
PugT	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads.
ssi	Registers a unique ID that identifies a returning user's device. The ID is used for targeted ads.
_tmid	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device upon return visits. The ID is used to target ads in video clips.
wam-sync	Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website.
wui	Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website.
AFFICHE_W	Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website.
B	Collects anonymous data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The registered data is used to categorise the users' interest and demographical profiles with the purpose of customising the website content depending on the visitor.
1P_JAR	These cookies are used to gather website statistics, and track conversion rates.
APISID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
HSID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
NID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
SAPISID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
SID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
SIDCC	Security cookie to protect users data from unauthorised access.
SSID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
__utmx	This cookie is associated with Google Website Optimizer, a tool designed to help site owners improve their wbesites. It is used to distinguish between two varaitions a webpage that might be shown to a visitor as part of an A/B split test. This helps site owners to detemine which version of a page performs better, and therefore helps to improve the website.
__utmxx	This cookie is associated with Google Website Optimizer, a tool designed to help site owners improve their wbesites. It is used to distinguish between two varaitions a webpage that might be shown to a visitor as part of an A/B split test. This helps site owners to detemine which version of a page performs better, and therefore helps to improve the website.

Name	Descripiton
_hjid	Hotjar cookie. This cookie is set when the customer first lands on a page with the Hotjar script. It is used to persist the random user ID, unique to that site on the browser. This ensures that behavior in subsequent visits to the same site will be attributed to the same user ID.
_hjIncludedInSample	This cookie is associated with web analytics functionality and services from Hot Jar, a Malta based company. It uniquely identifies a visitor during a single browser session and indicates they are included in an audience sample.
intercom-id-[xxx]	This cookie is used by Intercom as a session so that users can continue a chat as they move through the site.
intercom-session-[xxx]	Used to keeping track of sessions and remember logins and conversations.
demdex	Via a unique ID that is used for semantic content analysis, the user's navigation on the website is registered and linked to offline data from surveys and similar registrations to display targeted ads.
CookieConsent	Stores the user's cookie consent state for the current domain.
__cfduid	Used by the content network, Cloudflare, to identify trusted web traffic.
ss	These cookies enable the website to provide enhanced functionality and personalisation . They may be set by us or by third party providers whose services we have added to our pages. These services may include the Live Chat facility, Contact Us form(s), the Product Quotation forms and submission process, and the Email Newsletter sign up functionality .

Name	Descripiton
_ga	This cookie name is asssociated with Google Universal Analytics - which is a significant update to Google's more commonly used analytics service. This cookie is used to distinguish unique users by assigning a randomly generated number as a client identifier. It is included in each page. Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on how the visitor uses the website. request in a site and used to calculate visitor, session and campaign data for the sites analytics reports. By default it is set to expire after 2 years, although this is customisable by website owners.
_gat	Used by Google Analytics to throttle request rate. This cookie name is associated with Google Universal Analytics, according to documentation it is used to throttle the request rate - limiting the collection of data on high traffic sites. It expires after 10 minutes.
_gid	This cookie name is asssociated with Google Universal Analytics. This appears to be a new cookie and as of Spring 2017 no information is available from Google. It appears to store and update a unique value for each page visited. Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on how the visitor uses the website.
IDE	Used by Google DoubleClick to register and report the website user's actions after viewing or clicking one of the advertiser's ads with the purpose of measuring the efficacy of an ad and to present targeted ads to the user.
r/collect	Used by Google DoubleClick to register and report the website user's actions after viewing or clicking one of the advertiser's ads with the purpose of measuring the efficacy of an ad and to present targeted ads to the user.
test_cookie	Used to check if the user's browser supports cookies.
collect	Used to send data to Google Analytics about the visitor's device and behaviour. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
ads/user-lists/#	These cookies may be set through our site by our advertising partners. They may be used by those companies to build a profile of your interests and show you relevant adverts on other sites.
c	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
khaos	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
put_#	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
rpb	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
rpx	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
tap.php	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.

Resumen de Reglas: Seguridad de Servidores Web y Detección de Troyanos

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