Remcos 맬웨어 탐지: UAC-0050 그룹, 원격 액세스 소프트웨어를 사용한 피싱 공격으로 우크라이나 정부 기관을 표적으로 삼다

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Veronika Telychko

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2월 07, 2023 · 3 분 읽기

Remcos 맬웨어 탐지: UAC-0050 그룹, 원격 액세스 소프트웨어를 사용한 피싱 공격으로 우크라이나 정부 기관을 표적으로 삼다

Remcos 트로이목마 (원격 제어 및 감시)는 피싱 공격 벡터를 활용하는 위협 행위자에 의해 자주 전파됩니다. 이 악성코드는 현재 우크라이나 정부 기관을 표적으로 하여 사이버 위협 영역에 재등장하고 있습니다.

2023년 2월 6일, 사이버보안 연구원들은 새로운 CERT-UA#5926 경고 를 발표하여 Remcos 악성코드를 전파하기 위해 Ukrtelecom JSC를 사칭하는 대량 이메일 유포를 상세히 설명했습니다. 공격자는 우크라이나 국가 기관을 표적으로 한 피싱 이메일에 악성 RAR 첨부파일을 활용했습니다. 조사에 따르면, 이 적대적 활동은 UAC-0050으로 추적된 해킹 집단에 의해 행해졌습니다.

Remcos 악성코드를 전파하는 UAC-0050의 악성 활동: 공격 분석

Remcos는 BreakingSecurity에서 개발한 원격 액세스 소프트웨어입니다. 설치되면 이 도구는 타겟 시스템에 백도어를 열어 원격 사용자가 완전한 액세스를 할 수 있게 합니다. 2020년 이후, 공격자들은 COVID-19 주제를 악용하여 Remcos RAT 를 피싱 공격에 적극 활용했습니다. 악성코드 운영자는 Remcos를 사용하여 피해자들을 감시하고, 신원 탈취, 데이터 유출, 명령 실행 등을 위해 여러 TTP를 악용합니다.

최신 CERT-UA#5926 경고 은 Remcos 악성코드를 활용한 신규 관찰된 악성 활동에 대해 사이버 방어자에게 경고합니다. 이러한 공격에서 위협 행위자는 피싱 공격 벡터를 악용하여 Ukrtelecom JSC로 발신자를 가장한 이메일을 전파합니다. 적들은 요구서 제목과 금융 결제 세부사항을 사칭하는 RAR 아카이브 첨부파일이 포함된 이메일을 열도록 유혹하는 것을 목표로 합니다. 유혹 아카이브에는 개인 접근 코드를 포함한 텍스트 파일과 또 다른 암호화된 RAR 파일이 포함되어 있습니다. 후자는 피해자의 컴퓨터에 원격 관리 Remcos 악성코드를 설치하는 실행 파일을 포함하고 있습니다.

CERT-UA 연구원들은 이 악성 활동을 적어도 2020년 이후로 주목받고 있는 UAC-0050 해킹 집단과 연결했습니다. 연구에 따르면, 위협 행위자는 Remcos RAT 외에도 RemoteUtilities라는 다른 원격 관리 소프트웨어를 활용한 이전 공격을 시작했습니다. 관찰된 적대적 행동 패턴과 악성코드 공격 능력에 기반하여, 우크라이나 국가 기관을 표적으로 한 지속적인 공격은 사이버 간첩 작전과 연결될 가능성이 높습니다.

CERT-UA#5926 경고에 설명된 우크라이나 국가 기관에 대한 UAC-0050의 사이버 공격 탐지

계속 증가하는 피싱 사이버 공격의 양과 함께, 방어자들은 감염을 적시에 식별하기 위한 능력을 강화하는 데 노력하고 있습니다. SOC Prime은 조직이 여러 종류의 악성코드를 활용하여 어느 규모의 사이버 공격에도 선제적으로 방어할 수 있도록 지원합니다. SOC Prime의 Detection as Code 플랫폼은 진행 중인 피싱 공격에서 사용되고 UAC-0050 해킹 그룹의 적대적 활동에 귀속된 Remcos 악성코드 탐지를 위한 시그마 규칙을 큐레이션합니다. 원활한 콘텐츠 검색을 위해 모든 탐지 알고리즘은 해당 그룹 및 CERT-UA 경고 ID에 따라 적절한 사용자 정의 태그(“UAC-0050” 또는 “CERT-UA#5926”)로 필터링됩니다.

클릭하여 탐지 항목 탐색 버튼을 눌러 CERT-UA#5926 경고에 설명된 전용 시그마 규칙을 즉시 확인하십시오. 모든 탐지 항목은 업계 선도적인 SIEM, EDR, BDP, 그리고 XDR 솔루션에 배포할 준비가 되어 있으며, MITRE ATT&CK® 참조, CTI 링크, 실행 파일, 운영 메타데이터와 같은 심층 사이버 위협 컨텍스트로 보강되어 있습니다.

탐지 항목 탐색

또한 보안 엔지니어는 Uncoder CTI 도구를 활용하여 UAC-0050의 악성 활동과 관련된 침해 지표를 탐색하는 과정을 간소화할 수 있습니다. 파일, 호스트 또는 네트워크 CERT-UA에서 제공된 IOC 를 UI에 붙여 넣으면 선택한 환경에서 Remcos 관련 위협을 검색할 수 있는 맞춤형 헌팅 쿼리가 즉시 생성됩니다.

MITRE ATT&CK 컨텍스트

최신 CERT-UA 경고에 포괄된 UAC-0050 그룹의 적대적 캠페인 뒤의 포괄적 컨텍스트를 파악하기 위해, 위에서 언급된 모든 시그마 규칙은 해당 전술 및 테크닉을 다루는 ATT&CK v12 태그가 붙어 있습니다:

Tactics	Techniques	Sigma Rule
Initial Access	Phishing (T1566)	Execution from RAR Archive (via process_creation)
		Possible Opening Password Protected RAR Archive (via registry_event)
		Suspicious Extracted Files from an Archive (via file_event)
		Archive Extraction Directly from Mail Client (via process_creation)
Persistence	Boot or Logon Autostart Execution (T1547)	Possible Persistence Points [ASEPs - Software/NTUSER Hive] (via registry_event)
Defense Evasion	Obfuscated Files or Information (T1027)	Possible Opening Password Protected RAR Archive (via registry_event)
Defense Evasion	Masquerading (T1036)	Short File Name (via cmdline)

Remcos 악성코드에 대한 전체 탐지 스택을 확인하려면 SOC Prime의 Sigma 규칙 검색 엔진을 탐색하십시오 그리고 현재 및 신흥 위협에 대해 이전보다 빠르게 배우고, 몇 분 안에 우선 순위를 정하고, 탐지 코드를 즉시 배포하십시오.

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SOC Prime의 Detection as Code 플랫폼에 가입하세요 귀하의 비즈니스와 가장 관련 있는 위협에 대한 가시성을 향상시키세요. 시작하고 즉각적인 가치를 창출하기 위해 지금 SOC Prime 전문가와의 미팅을 예약하세요.

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Name	Descripiton
PHPSESSID	Preserves user session state across page requests. Cookie generated by applications based on the PHP language. This is a general purpose identifier used to maintain user session variables. It is normally a random generated number, how it is used can be specific to the site, but a good example is maintaining a logged-in status for a user between pages.
sp_i	Used to store information about authenticated User.
sp_r	Used to store information about authenticated User.
sp_a	Used to store information about authenticated User.

Name	Descripiton
tuuid	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
tuuid_last_update	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
um	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
umeh	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
na_sc_x	Used by the social sharing platform AddThis to keep a record of parts of the site that has been visited in order to recommend other parts of the site.
APID	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website.
IDSYNC	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website.
_cc_aud	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
_cc_cc	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
_cc_dc	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
_cc_id	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
dpm	Via a unique ID that is used for semantic content analysis, the user's navigation on the website is registered and linked to offline data from surveys and similar registrations to display targeted ads.
acs	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads.
clid	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads.
KRTBCOOKIE_#	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads.
PUBMDCID	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads.
PugT	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads.
ssi	Registers a unique ID that identifies a returning user's device. The ID is used for targeted ads.
_tmid	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device upon return visits. The ID is used to target ads in video clips.
wam-sync	Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website.
wui	Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website.
AFFICHE_W	Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website.
B	Collects anonymous data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The registered data is used to categorise the users' interest and demographical profiles with the purpose of customising the website content depending on the visitor.
1P_JAR	These cookies are used to gather website statistics, and track conversion rates.
APISID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
HSID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
NID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
SAPISID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
SID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
SIDCC	Security cookie to protect users data from unauthorised access.
SSID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
__utmx	This cookie is associated with Google Website Optimizer, a tool designed to help site owners improve their wbesites. It is used to distinguish between two varaitions a webpage that might be shown to a visitor as part of an A/B split test. This helps site owners to detemine which version of a page performs better, and therefore helps to improve the website.
__utmxx	This cookie is associated with Google Website Optimizer, a tool designed to help site owners improve their wbesites. It is used to distinguish between two varaitions a webpage that might be shown to a visitor as part of an A/B split test. This helps site owners to detemine which version of a page performs better, and therefore helps to improve the website.

Name	Descripiton
_hjid	Hotjar cookie. This cookie is set when the customer first lands on a page with the Hotjar script. It is used to persist the random user ID, unique to that site on the browser. This ensures that behavior in subsequent visits to the same site will be attributed to the same user ID.
_hjIncludedInSample	This cookie is associated with web analytics functionality and services from Hot Jar, a Malta based company. It uniquely identifies a visitor during a single browser session and indicates they are included in an audience sample.
intercom-id-[xxx]	This cookie is used by Intercom as a session so that users can continue a chat as they move through the site.
intercom-session-[xxx]	Used to keeping track of sessions and remember logins and conversations.
demdex	Via a unique ID that is used for semantic content analysis, the user's navigation on the website is registered and linked to offline data from surveys and similar registrations to display targeted ads.
CookieConsent	Stores the user's cookie consent state for the current domain.
__cfduid	Used by the content network, Cloudflare, to identify trusted web traffic.
ss	These cookies enable the website to provide enhanced functionality and personalisation . They may be set by us or by third party providers whose services we have added to our pages. These services may include the Live Chat facility, Contact Us form(s), the Product Quotation forms and submission process, and the Email Newsletter sign up functionality .

Name	Descripiton
_ga	This cookie name is asssociated with Google Universal Analytics - which is a significant update to Google's more commonly used analytics service. This cookie is used to distinguish unique users by assigning a randomly generated number as a client identifier. It is included in each page. Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on how the visitor uses the website. request in a site and used to calculate visitor, session and campaign data for the sites analytics reports. By default it is set to expire after 2 years, although this is customisable by website owners.
_gat	Used by Google Analytics to throttle request rate. This cookie name is associated with Google Universal Analytics, according to documentation it is used to throttle the request rate - limiting the collection of data on high traffic sites. It expires after 10 minutes.
_gid	This cookie name is asssociated with Google Universal Analytics. This appears to be a new cookie and as of Spring 2017 no information is available from Google. It appears to store and update a unique value for each page visited. Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on how the visitor uses the website.
IDE	Used by Google DoubleClick to register and report the website user's actions after viewing or clicking one of the advertiser's ads with the purpose of measuring the efficacy of an ad and to present targeted ads to the user.
r/collect	Used by Google DoubleClick to register and report the website user's actions after viewing or clicking one of the advertiser's ads with the purpose of measuring the efficacy of an ad and to present targeted ads to the user.
test_cookie	Used to check if the user's browser supports cookies.
collect	Used to send data to Google Analytics about the visitor's device and behaviour. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
ads/user-lists/#	These cookies may be set through our site by our advertising partners. They may be used by those companies to build a profile of your interests and show you relevant adverts on other sites.
c	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
khaos	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
put_#	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
rpb	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
rpx	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
tap.php	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.

Remcos 맬웨어 탐지: UAC-0050 그룹, 원격 액세스 소프트웨어를 사용한 피싱 공격으로 우크라이나 정부 기관을 표적으로 삼다

Remcos 악성코드를 전파하는 UAC-0050의 악성 활동: 공격 분석

CERT-UA#5926 경고에 설명된 우크라이나 국가 기관에 대한 UAC-0050의 사이버 공격 탐지

MITRE ATT&CK 컨텍스트

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관련 게시물

사이버 방어를 강화하세요 위협 탐지 마켓플레이스

Remcos 맬웨어 탐지: UAC-0050 그룹, 원격 액세스 소프트웨어를 사용한 피싱 공격으로 우크라이나 정부 기관을 표적으로 삼다

Remcos 악성코드를 전파하는 UAC-0050의 악성 활동: 공격 분석

CERT-UA#5926 경고에 설명된 우크라이나 국가 기관에 대한 UAC-0050의 사이버 공격 탐지

MITRE ATT&CK 컨텍스트

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사이버 방어를 강화하세요 위협 탐지 마켓플레이스

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