CVE-2025-30406 탐지: 활발한 악용 중인 Gladinet CentreStack & Triofox의 심각한 RCE 취약점

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Daryna Olyniychuk

마케팅 팀 리드

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4월 17, 2025 · 3 분 읽기

CVE-2025-30406 탐지: 활발한 악용 중인 Gladinet CentreStack & Triofox의 심각한 RCE 취약점

광범위하게 사용되는 Gladinet CentreStack 및 Triofox 엔터프라이즈 파일 공유 및 원격 액세스 플랫폼에서 치명적인 취약점이 발견되었으며, 이미 활발하게 악용되고 있습니다. 적어도 7개의 조직이 CVE-2025-30406으로 추적되는 이 결함을 통해 손상된 것으로 보고되었습니다. 근본 원인은? 인터넷에 노출된 서버를 원격 코드 실행 공격에 취약하게 만드는 하드코딩된 암호화 키입니다.

CVE-2025-30406 취약점을 활용한 공격 탐지

2025년 4월 기준으로 NIST NVD는 14,500개 이상의 새로운 CVE를 기록했으며, 그 중 상당수가 이미 실제 환경에서 악용되었습니다. 취약점의 빠른 무기화는 사전적 위협 탐지의 긴급한 필요성을 강조합니다. 효과적으로 위험을 줄이기 위해 보안 팀은 진화하는 위협을 앞서가는 조기 식별 및 대응 전략을 우선시해야 합니다.

SOC Prime 플랫폼에 등록하여 CVE-2025-30406 악용 시도를 다루는 큐레이션된 Sigma 규칙 세트와 AI 기반 탐지 엔지니어링, 자동화된 위협 검색 및 고급 위협 탐지를 위한 완전한 제품군에 접근하십시오. 그냥 탐지 탐색 버튼을 눌러 관련 탐지 스택으로 즉시 탐색하세요.

탐지 탐색

모든 규칙은 40개 이상의 SIEM, EDR, 및 데이터 레이크 기술과 호환되며, MITRE ATT&CK® 에 매핑되어 위협 조사를 간소화합니다. 또한 각 규칙은 광범위한 메타데이터로 보강되어 있으며, CTI 참조 정보, 공격 시간표, 감사 구성, 대응 추천 등이 포함됩니다.

트렌딩 취약점을 무기화한 사이버 공격 탐지를 위한 더 관련성 높은 콘텐츠를 찾는 사이버 방어자들은 ‘CVE‘ 태그를 사용하여 Threat Detection Marketplace에서 관련 탐지 알고리즘의 전체 컬렉션에 접근할 수 있습니다.

CVE-2025-30406 분석

2025년 4월 8일, 미국 사이버 보안 및 인프라 보안국(CISA)은 CVE-2025-30406을 이미 악용된 취약점 카탈로그에 추가하며 실제 환경에서의 지속적인 악용을 확인했습니다. 2025년 3월에 제로 데이로 처음 발견된 이 공격의 정확한 성격과 범위는 아직 불분명합니다. 이 취약점은 처음에는 Gladinet의 CentreStack 소프트웨어에서 발견되었으며, 2025년 4월 3일에 출시된 16.4.10315.56368 버전에서 해결되었습니다. 그러나 Huntress의 새로운 발견은 in version 16.4.10315.56368, released on April 3, 2025. However, new findings from Huntress Triofox라는 또 다른 Gladinet 제품에도 이 결함이 버전 16.4.10317.56372까지 영향을 미친다는 것을 확인하여 공격 표면을 상당히 확장합니다. that the flaw also affects Triofox, another Gladinet product, up to version 16.4.10317.56372—significantly widening the attack surface.

최소한 7개의 조직이 이미 CVE-2025-30406에 피해를 입었으며, 침입의 최초 징후는 2025년 4월 11일로 추적됩니다. 위협 행위자들은 취약점을 악용하여 암호화된 PowerShell 스크립트를 배포하였고, 이는 악성 DLL을 다운로드하고 사이드로드했습니다. 침해 후 활동으로는 네트워크 간 횡적 이동 및 메쉬 중앙의 설치를 통한 영구 원격 접속이 포함됩니다. 조사자들은 시스템 열거 및 MeshAgent 페이로드 배포를 수행하기 위해 PowerShell을 통한 Impacket 툴링 사용을 관찰했습니다. 전술은 점점 명확해지고 있지만, 캠페인의 전체 범위와 궁극적인 목표는 여전히 불투명합니다.

CVE-2025-30406는 9.0의 치명적인 CVSS 점수를 가지며 Gladinet의 웹 애플리케이션에서의 결함 있는 암호화 키 관리에서 비롯됩니다. 특히, 이 소프트웨어는 하드코딩되거나 잘못 보호된 machineKey 를 IIS web.config, 에서 사용하여 ASP.NET ViewState 데이터를 보호하려고 합니다. 공격자가 이러한 키에 접근하거나 유추할 수 있는 경우에는 무결성 검사를 우회하는 악의적인 ViewState 페이로드를 작성할 수 있습니다. 특정 구성에서는 이로 인해 역직렬화 공격이 발생할 수 있으며, 이는 서버에 대한 원격 코드 실행으로 이어질 수 있습니다.

이 취약성의 활발한 악용과 치명적인 특성을 고려할 때, 모든 사용자는 최신 버전으로 그들이 사용하는 Gladinet CentreStack 및 Triofox 설치를 업데이트해야 합니다. 공식 자문서를 따라 노출을 줄이고 잠재적 공격에 대한 방어를 강화하는 것이 필수적입니다. 사이버 보안 태세를 위험 최적화하려는 조직은 SOC Prime 플랫폼 에 의존하여 CVE 악용 시도를 적시에 식별하고 모든 규모와 복잡성의 사이버 공격을 선제적으로 좌절시킬 수 있습니다.

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Name	Descripiton
PHPSESSID	Preserves user session state across page requests. Cookie generated by applications based on the PHP language. This is a general purpose identifier used to maintain user session variables. It is normally a random generated number, how it is used can be specific to the site, but a good example is maintaining a logged-in status for a user between pages.
sp_i	Used to store information about authenticated User.
sp_r	Used to store information about authenticated User.
sp_a	Used to store information about authenticated User.

Name	Descripiton
tuuid	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
tuuid_last_update	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
um	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
umeh	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
na_sc_x	Used by the social sharing platform AddThis to keep a record of parts of the site that has been visited in order to recommend other parts of the site.
APID	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website.
IDSYNC	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website.
_cc_aud	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
_cc_cc	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
_cc_dc	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
_cc_id	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
dpm	Via a unique ID that is used for semantic content analysis, the user's navigation on the website is registered and linked to offline data from surveys and similar registrations to display targeted ads.
acs	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads.
clid	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads.
KRTBCOOKIE_#	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads.
PUBMDCID	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads.
PugT	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads.
ssi	Registers a unique ID that identifies a returning user's device. The ID is used for targeted ads.
_tmid	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device upon return visits. The ID is used to target ads in video clips.
wam-sync	Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website.
wui	Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website.
AFFICHE_W	Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website.
B	Collects anonymous data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The registered data is used to categorise the users' interest and demographical profiles with the purpose of customising the website content depending on the visitor.
1P_JAR	These cookies are used to gather website statistics, and track conversion rates.
APISID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
HSID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
NID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
SAPISID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
SID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
SIDCC	Security cookie to protect users data from unauthorised access.
SSID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
__utmx	This cookie is associated with Google Website Optimizer, a tool designed to help site owners improve their wbesites. It is used to distinguish between two varaitions a webpage that might be shown to a visitor as part of an A/B split test. This helps site owners to detemine which version of a page performs better, and therefore helps to improve the website.
__utmxx	This cookie is associated with Google Website Optimizer, a tool designed to help site owners improve their wbesites. It is used to distinguish between two varaitions a webpage that might be shown to a visitor as part of an A/B split test. This helps site owners to detemine which version of a page performs better, and therefore helps to improve the website.

Name	Descripiton
_hjid	Hotjar cookie. This cookie is set when the customer first lands on a page with the Hotjar script. It is used to persist the random user ID, unique to that site on the browser. This ensures that behavior in subsequent visits to the same site will be attributed to the same user ID.
_hjIncludedInSample	This cookie is associated with web analytics functionality and services from Hot Jar, a Malta based company. It uniquely identifies a visitor during a single browser session and indicates they are included in an audience sample.
intercom-id-[xxx]	This cookie is used by Intercom as a session so that users can continue a chat as they move through the site.
intercom-session-[xxx]	Used to keeping track of sessions and remember logins and conversations.
demdex	Via a unique ID that is used for semantic content analysis, the user's navigation on the website is registered and linked to offline data from surveys and similar registrations to display targeted ads.
CookieConsent	Stores the user's cookie consent state for the current domain.
__cfduid	Used by the content network, Cloudflare, to identify trusted web traffic.
ss	These cookies enable the website to provide enhanced functionality and personalisation . They may be set by us or by third party providers whose services we have added to our pages. These services may include the Live Chat facility, Contact Us form(s), the Product Quotation forms and submission process, and the Email Newsletter sign up functionality .

Name	Descripiton
_ga	This cookie name is asssociated with Google Universal Analytics - which is a significant update to Google's more commonly used analytics service. This cookie is used to distinguish unique users by assigning a randomly generated number as a client identifier. It is included in each page. Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on how the visitor uses the website. request in a site and used to calculate visitor, session and campaign data for the sites analytics reports. By default it is set to expire after 2 years, although this is customisable by website owners.
_gat	Used by Google Analytics to throttle request rate. This cookie name is associated with Google Universal Analytics, according to documentation it is used to throttle the request rate - limiting the collection of data on high traffic sites. It expires after 10 minutes.
_gid	This cookie name is asssociated with Google Universal Analytics. This appears to be a new cookie and as of Spring 2017 no information is available from Google. It appears to store and update a unique value for each page visited. Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on how the visitor uses the website.
IDE	Used by Google DoubleClick to register and report the website user's actions after viewing or clicking one of the advertiser's ads with the purpose of measuring the efficacy of an ad and to present targeted ads to the user.
r/collect	Used by Google DoubleClick to register and report the website user's actions after viewing or clicking one of the advertiser's ads with the purpose of measuring the efficacy of an ad and to present targeted ads to the user.
test_cookie	Used to check if the user's browser supports cookies.
collect	Used to send data to Google Analytics about the visitor's device and behaviour. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
ads/user-lists/#	These cookies may be set through our site by our advertising partners. They may be used by those companies to build a profile of your interests and show you relevant adverts on other sites.
c	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
khaos	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
put_#	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
rpb	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
rpx	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
tap.php	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.

CVE-2025-30406 탐지: 활발한 악용 중인 Gladinet CentreStack & Triofox의 심각한 RCE 취약점

CVE-2025-30406 취약점을 활용한 공격 탐지

CVE-2025-30406 분석

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CVE-2025-30406 탐지: 활발한 악용 중인 Gladinet CentreStack & Triofox의 심각한 RCE 취약점

CVE-2025-30406 취약점을 활용한 공격 탐지

CVE-2025-30406 분석

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