CVE-2025-21298 탐지: Microsoft Outlook의 치명적인 제로-클릭 OLE 취약성으로 인한 원격 코드 실행

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Daryna Olyniychuk

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1월 21, 2025 · 3 분 읽기

CVE-2025-21298 탐지: Microsoft Outlook의 치명적인 제로-클릭 OLE 취약성으로 인한 원격 코드 실행

Windows LDAP의 서비스 거부(DoS) 취약점인 CVE-2024-49113 으로 알려진 LDAPNightmare 공개 직후, Microsoft 제품에 영향을 미치는 또 다른 매우 심각한 취약점이 등장했습니다. 최근 패치된 Microsoft Outlook 취약점인 CVE-2025-21298은 공격자가 RCE 특수 제작된 이메일을 통해 Windows 장치에서 수행할 수 있도록 함으로써 상당한 이메일 보안 위험을 초래합니다.

SOC Prime의 무료 Sigma 규칙으로 CVE-2025-21298 공격 시도를 탐지하세요

2025년 1월 한 달 동안에만 2,560개의 취약점이 식별되었으며, 연초에는 특히 많은 수의 활성 악용 취약점으로 위험한 시기를 맞이했습니다. 주목할 만한 예로는 CVE-2024-49112, CVE-2024-55591가 있고, CVE-2024-49113.

심각한 위협을 가하는 CVE-2025-21298는 원격 코드 실행(RCE)을 초래하는 9.8의 심각도를 가진 제로 클릭 결함으로서 공개되었으며 즉각적인 조치가 필요합니다. SOC Prime 플랫폼 은 집단 사이버 방어를 위해 적시에 공격 시도를 탐지할 수 있는 무료 Sigma 규칙을 제공합니다.

MS Office 의심 파일 드롭 (파일 이벤트 경유)

이 규칙은 .rtf 파일이나 OLE 악용에 일반적으로 연관된 다른 의심스러운 파일 유형과 상호작용하는 시스템을 식별하는 데 도움을 주며, 특히 높은 위험 확장자를 처리하는 호스트의 패치에 중점을 둡니다 (예: .rtf, .dll, .exe). 이 탐지는 여러 SIEM, EDR 및 데이터 레이크 솔루션과 호환되며 MITRE ATT&CK의 Exploitation for Client Execution (T1203) 기법 및 피싱: 스피어피싱 첨부 파일 (T1566.001) 하위 기법과 연관되어 있습니다. 추가적으로, 이 규칙은 CTI 참조, 공격 타임라인 등 광범위한 메타데이터로 풍부하게 구성되어 있습니다.

취약점 공격 시도에 대한 더 관련성 있는 콘텐츠를 찾고자 하는 보안 전문가들은 CVE-2025-21298 태그와 함께 Threat Detection Marketplace에 추가된 새로운 규칙을 추적할 수 있습니다. 또한, 사이버 방어자들은 아래의 탐지 탐색 버튼을 눌러 프로액티브한 취약점 탐지를 목표로 한 전체 탐지 스택에 접근할 수 있습니다.

탐지 탐색

CVE-2025-21298 분석

CVE-2025-21298은 마이크로소프트의 최신 2025 패치 화요일 업데이트에서 해결된 심각한 제로 클릭 RCE 취약점으로, CVSS 점수에서 9.8로 평가되었습니다. 이 결함은 주로 첨부 파일이나 피싱 캠페인에 링크로 전송되어 피해자가 열도록 유도하는 악성 RTF 문서로 인해 발생할 수 있습니다.

이 취약점은 문서 및 개체의 삽입 및 연결을 가능하게 하는 기술인 Windows OLE에 존재합니다. Microsoft에 따르면 Microsoft에 따르면, 사용자가 Outlook에서 특수 제작된 이메일을 열거나 미리보기할 경우 악용이 일어날 수 있습니다. 공격자들은 악성 이메일을 보내 이 결함을 무기화하며, Outlook에서 이메일을 열거나 미리보기만 해도 타겟 시스템에서 RCE가 발생할 수 있습니다.

방어자들은 CVE-2025-21298을 낮은 공격 복잡도와 낮은 사용자 상호작용 요구로 인해 조직에 주요 위협으로 간주합니다. 성공적인 악용 이후, 이 취약점은 시스템 전체를 손상시킬 수 있으며, 공격자에게 임의 코드를 실행하고 악성 소프트웨어를 설치하며 데이터를 수정하거나 삭제하고 민감한 정보를 접근할 수 있도록 허용합니다.

잠재적인 CVE-2025-21298 완화 조치로 즉각 패치를 적용하는 것이 중요하며, 특히 Outlook 같은 이메일 클라이언트와 관련한 경우에 더욱 그렇습니다. 필요한 업데이트를 설치할 수 없는 조직을 위해, 방어자들은 미확인 출처의 RTF 파일을 일반 텍스트 형식으로 열도록 Microsoft에서 제공하는 해결책을 사용할 것을 권장합니다. 프로액티브한 취약점 탐지 및 새로운 사이버 위협에 대한 견고한 방어를 위해, 고급 위협 탐지, 자동화된 위협 사냥 및 정보 기반 탐지 엔지니어링을 위한 완전한 제품군을 사용하여 SOC Prime 플랫폼 에 의지하세요.

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Name	Descripiton
PHPSESSID	Preserves user session state across page requests. Cookie generated by applications based on the PHP language. This is a general purpose identifier used to maintain user session variables. It is normally a random generated number, how it is used can be specific to the site, but a good example is maintaining a logged-in status for a user between pages.
sp_i	Used to store information about authenticated User.
sp_r	Used to store information about authenticated User.
sp_a	Used to store information about authenticated User.

Name	Descripiton
tuuid	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
tuuid_last_update	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
um	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
umeh	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
na_sc_x	Used by the social sharing platform AddThis to keep a record of parts of the site that has been visited in order to recommend other parts of the site.
APID	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website.
IDSYNC	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website.
_cc_aud	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
_cc_cc	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
_cc_dc	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
_cc_id	Collects anonymous statistical data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The purpose is to segment the website's users according to factors such as demographics and geographical location, in order to enable media and marketing agencies to structure and understand their target groups to enable customised online advertising.
dpm	Via a unique ID that is used for semantic content analysis, the user's navigation on the website is registered and linked to offline data from surveys and similar registrations to display targeted ads.
acs	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads.
clid	Collects anonymous data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads.
KRTBCOOKIE_#	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads.
PUBMDCID	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads.
PugT	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads.
ssi	Registers a unique ID that identifies a returning user's device. The ID is used for targeted ads.
_tmid	Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device upon return visits. The ID is used to target ads in video clips.
wam-sync	Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website.
wui	Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website.
AFFICHE_W	Used by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the visitor's interests based on pages visits, content clicked and other actions on the website.
B	Collects anonymous data related to the user's website visits, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded. The registered data is used to categorise the users' interest and demographical profiles with the purpose of customising the website content depending on the visitor.
1P_JAR	These cookies are used to gather website statistics, and track conversion rates.
APISID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
HSID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
NID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
SAPISID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
SID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
SIDCC	Security cookie to protect users data from unauthorised access.
SSID	Google set a number of cookies on any page that includes a Google reCAPTCHA. While we have no control over the cookies set by Google, they appear to include a mixture of pieces of information to measure the number and behaviour of Google reCAPTCHA users.
__utmx	This cookie is associated with Google Website Optimizer, a tool designed to help site owners improve their wbesites. It is used to distinguish between two varaitions a webpage that might be shown to a visitor as part of an A/B split test. This helps site owners to detemine which version of a page performs better, and therefore helps to improve the website.
__utmxx	This cookie is associated with Google Website Optimizer, a tool designed to help site owners improve their wbesites. It is used to distinguish between two varaitions a webpage that might be shown to a visitor as part of an A/B split test. This helps site owners to detemine which version of a page performs better, and therefore helps to improve the website.

Name	Descripiton
_hjid	Hotjar cookie. This cookie is set when the customer first lands on a page with the Hotjar script. It is used to persist the random user ID, unique to that site on the browser. This ensures that behavior in subsequent visits to the same site will be attributed to the same user ID.
_hjIncludedInSample	This cookie is associated with web analytics functionality and services from Hot Jar, a Malta based company. It uniquely identifies a visitor during a single browser session and indicates they are included in an audience sample.
intercom-id-[xxx]	This cookie is used by Intercom as a session so that users can continue a chat as they move through the site.
intercom-session-[xxx]	Used to keeping track of sessions and remember logins and conversations.
demdex	Via a unique ID that is used for semantic content analysis, the user's navigation on the website is registered and linked to offline data from surveys and similar registrations to display targeted ads.
CookieConsent	Stores the user's cookie consent state for the current domain.
__cfduid	Used by the content network, Cloudflare, to identify trusted web traffic.
ss	These cookies enable the website to provide enhanced functionality and personalisation . They may be set by us or by third party providers whose services we have added to our pages. These services may include the Live Chat facility, Contact Us form(s), the Product Quotation forms and submission process, and the Email Newsletter sign up functionality .

Name	Descripiton
_ga	This cookie name is asssociated with Google Universal Analytics - which is a significant update to Google's more commonly used analytics service. This cookie is used to distinguish unique users by assigning a randomly generated number as a client identifier. It is included in each page. Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on how the visitor uses the website. request in a site and used to calculate visitor, session and campaign data for the sites analytics reports. By default it is set to expire after 2 years, although this is customisable by website owners.
_gat	Used by Google Analytics to throttle request rate. This cookie name is associated with Google Universal Analytics, according to documentation it is used to throttle the request rate - limiting the collection of data on high traffic sites. It expires after 10 minutes.
_gid	This cookie name is asssociated with Google Universal Analytics. This appears to be a new cookie and as of Spring 2017 no information is available from Google. It appears to store and update a unique value for each page visited. Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on how the visitor uses the website.
IDE	Used by Google DoubleClick to register and report the website user's actions after viewing or clicking one of the advertiser's ads with the purpose of measuring the efficacy of an ad and to present targeted ads to the user.
r/collect	Used by Google DoubleClick to register and report the website user's actions after viewing or clicking one of the advertiser's ads with the purpose of measuring the efficacy of an ad and to present targeted ads to the user.
test_cookie	Used to check if the user's browser supports cookies.
collect	Used to send data to Google Analytics about the visitor's device and behaviour. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
ads/user-lists/#	These cookies may be set through our site by our advertising partners. They may be used by those companies to build a profile of your interests and show you relevant adverts on other sites.
c	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
khaos	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
put_#	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
rpb	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
rpx	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.
tap.php	Registers anonymised user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.

CVE-2025-21298 탐지: Microsoft Outlook의 치명적인 제로-클릭 OLE 취약성으로 인한 원격 코드 실행

SOC Prime의 무료 Sigma 규칙으로 CVE-2025-21298 공격 시도를 탐지하세요

CVE-2025-21298 분석

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